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In a book called A Nest of Ninnies, Armin wrote about the difference between a fool artificial and a fool natural. And the way Armin defines the two is important: the character Jack Oates is a true fool natural. He never stops being a fool to save himself; he never tries to do anything but anger his master, Sir William.
fool, it is helpful to look for other Elizabethan contexts where the fool is found. Costume apart, the book which tells the most about actual Elizabethan fools is Robert Armin's Foole upon Foole (i6oo, i605), reissued in i6o8 as A Nest of Ninnies. Armin, of course, is the fellow of Shakespeare's company who we sus-
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material for his appropriation. For example, Armin observed Christ Hospitals Blue John, then wrote him into his Two Maids, and further described him in Foole Upon Foole.21 He himself was an artificial fool (clever actor paid to play the part of a fool) who wrote about and acted in roles for both natural and artificial fools.22
The Alchemist All’s Well That Ends Well Amiens Armin, John Armin, Robert artificial fool As You Like It Autolycus Balthasar Blackfriars (playhouse) “Blow, Blow, Thou Winter Wind” Blue John Buffone, Carlo Burbage, Richard Children of the King’s Majesty’s Revels clown “Come Away, Come Away, Death” countertenor Curtain (playhouse ...
Fools could be ‘natural fools’ (‘simpletons’ and the disabled) or ‘artificial fools’ – versatile and gifted performers, like the celebrity clowns Will Sommers, Richard Tarlton, Will Kemp and Robert Armin. In fiction, wise fools recognised their own weaknesses and desires, while pointing out the same in others.
Apr 19, 2006 · Robert Armin, one of the ‘principal actors’ of Shakespeare’s plays named in the First Folio, probably joined the Lord Chamberlain’s Men in 1599 to take the place of Will Kempe as the company’s clown; and it was for him that Shakespeare wrote the parts of Touchstone, Feste, and the Fool in King Lear.
May 8, 2021 · A crucial distinction, however, is that Armin does not affiliate folly with human nature, but rather locates it within individuals. The “universal fool” now claims a familiar name and a set of traits that could be imitated by “artificial clowns” or even just idle boys playing in the street.
