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This is a timeline of Roman history, comprising important legal and territorial changes and political events in the Roman Kingdom and Republic and the Roman and Byzantine Empires. To read about the background of these events, see Ancient Rome and History of the Byzantine Empire.
Explore the timline of Roman Empire. The Roman Empire, at its height (c. 117), was the most extensive political and social structure in western civilization. Building upon the foundation laid by the Roman Republic, the empire became the...
- Joshua J. Mark
- Content Director
- Pre-Roman Empire
- 8th Century BCE
- 7th Century BCE
- 6th Century BCE
- 5th Century BCE
- 4th Century BCE
- 3rd Century BCE
- 2nd Century BCE
- 1st Century BCE
- 1st Century CE
1200 BCE– beginning of the first iron age. The Prisci Latini migrate to Italy from the Danube region. c. 1000 BCE– Latins settle in Latium c.1000 BCE– Beginning of Etruscan migrations into Italy 10th Century BCE– The first settlement on the Palatine Hill on the future site of Rome
753 BCE – Foundation of the city of Rome(according to Varro) c. 750 BCE – Beginning of Greek colonization in Italy: the foundation of Ischia, Cumae (754), Naxos in Sicily (735), and Syracuse (c.734) 753-716 BCE – Rule of the first of the Roman kings, Romulus 715-674 BCE– Reign of Numa Pompilius c. 700 BCE– Etruscan civilization begins to flourish c...
c. 650 BCE– Etruscan expansion into Campania c. 625 BCE– historical founding of Rome 673-642 BCE– Reign of Tullus Hostilius. Destruction of Alba Longa. 642-617 BCE– Reign of Ancus Marcius. Extension of Rome’s power to the coast. 616-579 BCE– Reign of L. Tarquinius Priscus. Forum drained.
578-535 BCE– Reign of Servius Tullius. Treaty with Latins. 535-510 BCE– Reign of L. Tarquinius Superbus. Erection of the Capitoline Temple. Treaty with Gabii. Roman territory extended to ca. 350 square miles. 510 BCE – Downfall of the last Tarquinian king, Tarquinius Superbus. Brutus liberates Rome. Establishment of the Roman Republicheaded by two ...
496 BCE– Battle of Lake Regillus between Rome and Latin League 494 BCE – First secession of the plebeianson the Mons Sacer, several miles from Rome. Creation of the tribunes of the people. 493 BCE– Treaty with the Latins 491 BCE– Coriolanus impeached and condemned to exile 486 BCE– Wars with the Aequi and Volsci begin (continue with many intervals ...
c. 396 BCE– The Roman dictator Camillus conquers Veii, one of the principal Etruscan centers, after long siege. Introduction of military pay. Peace with the Volsci. 390 BCE– (or 387!) Romans defeated by the Gauls under Brennus at the Battle of Allia. Gauls sack Rome, only the Capitol is defended by the citizenry 388 BCE– Aequi defeated at Bola 386-...
298-290 BCE– Third Samnite War: Rome becomes all-powerful in southern Italy 298 BCE– Rome captures Bovanium Vetus and Aufidena 295 BCE– Roman victory over Samnites, Gauls and Umbirnas at Sentinum 294 BCE– Samnite victory at near Luceria 293 BCE– Roman victory over Samnites at Aquilona 292 BCE– Falerii conquered 291 BCE– Venusia conquered 290 BCE– T...
197 BCE – Macedonians war ends with defeat of Philip V by T. Quinctius Flamininus at Cynoscephalae. Spain organized into two provinces. Revolt of Turdenati in Spain. Antiochus occupies Ephesus. 196 BCE– Marcus Porcius Cato consul 195 BCE– Hannibal exiled, joins Antiochus. Masinissa starts raids on Carthaginian territory. 192-188 BCE– Rome wars agai...
98 BCE– Marius leaves Rome for Asia. Revolt in Lusitania 96 BCE– Ptolemy Aion bequeaths Cyrene to Rome by testament 95 BCE– Mithridates ordered out of Paphlagonia and Cappadocia. 91-89 BCE– Social War between Rome and its Italian allies 90 BCE – Roman setbacks in Social War. Lex Julia: Latins, Etruscans, and Umbrians remaining loyal to Rome are giv...
2 CE –Lucius Caesar dies in Massilia 4 CE –Gaius Caesar dies in Lycia from a wound sustained in battle eighteen months earlier 6-9 CE – Pannonian revolt suppressed by Tiberius 9 CE –Roman army under Varus suffers overwhelming defeat in the Teutoburg Forest in the campaign against the Cherusci 14 CE –August 19, Augustus dies at Nola. On September 17...
- Origins of Rome. 8 Incredible Roman Technologies. As legend has it, Rome was founded in 753 B.C. by Romulus and Remus, twin sons of Mars, the god of war. Left to drown in a basket on the Tiber by a king of nearby Alba Longa and rescued by a she-wolf, the twins lived to defeat that king and found their own city on the river’s banks in 753 B.C.
- The Early Republic. The power of the monarch passed to two annually elected magistrates called consuls. They also served as commanders in chief of the army.
- Military Expansion. During the early republic, the Roman state grew exponentially in both size and power. Though the Gauls sacked and burned Rome in 390 B.C., the Romans rebounded under the leadership of the military hero Camillus, eventually gaining control of the entire Italian peninsula by 264 B.C.
- Internal Struggles in the Late Republic. Rome’s complex political institutions began to crumble under the weight of the growing empire, ushering in an era of internal turmoil and violence.
- Founding of Rome (c. 625 BC) The Birth of a City-State. Rome was established around 625 BC in the regions of ancient Italy known as Etruria and Latium. The amalgamation of Latium villagers with settlers from neighboring hills, possibly in response to an Etruscan invasion, marked the birth of Rome as a city-state.
- Period of Kings (625-510 BC) The Dawn of Roman Leadership. During this era, Rome was governed by a series of kings. This period witnessed significant militaristic and economic advancements, with the expansion of territories and the flourishing trade of commodities like oil lamps.
- Republican Rome (510-31 BC) The Rise of a Republic. The decline of Etruscan power paved the way for the Roman Republic. This era saw the establishment of a new form of governance where the upper echelons, particularly senators and equestrians, held sway.
- Transition to Imperial Rome (Late Republican Period) The Emergence of Julius Caesar. Political unrest and civil wars characterized the late Republican period.
Mar 22, 2018 · What are the dates of the Roman Empire? The Roman Empire began in 27 BCE and, in the West, ended in 476 CE; in the East, it ended in 1453 CE. Who was the first emperor of Rome? Augustus Caesar was the first emperor of Rome, reigning 27 BCE-14 CE. Who were the Five Good Emperors of Rome?
Foundation of the Roman Republic . c. 508 BCE. Lars Porsenna, Etruscan king of Chiusi, lays siege to Rome . 504 BCE. Migration of Claudii from Sabine lands to Rome . c. 499 BCE. Battle of Lake Regillus between Rome and the Latin League. c. 497 BCE. The first temple dedicated to Saturn is constructed in the Forum Romanum of Rome . 495 BCE.
