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The Sasanian Empire (/ s ə ˈ s ɑː n i ə n, s ə ˈ s eɪ n i ə n /) or Sassanid Empire, officially known as Eranshahr ("Kingdom of the Iranians"), was the last Iranian empire before the early Muslim conquests of the 7th to 8th centuries.
Ctesiphon was capital of the Sasanian Empire from 226–637 until the Muslim conquest of Persia in 651 AD. Ctesiphon developed into a rich commercial metropolis, merging with the surrounding cities along both shores of the river, including the Hellenistic city of Seleucia.
- Parthian, Sasanian, Umayyad, Abbasid
- Mesopotamia
- c. 120 BC
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Sasanian dynasty, ancient Iranian dynasty that ruled an empire (224–651 ce), rising through Ardashīr I’s conquests in 208–224 ce and destroyed by the Arabs during the years 637–651. The dynasty was named after Sāsān , an ancestor of Ardashīr.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
May 17, 2013 · The Sasanian Empire (224-651 CE, also given as Sassanian, Sasanid or Sassanid) was the last pre-Islamic Persian empire, established in 224 CE by Ardeshir I, son of Papak, descendant of Sasan. The Empire lasted until 651 CE when it was overthrown by the Arab Rashidun Caliphate.
Mar 22, 2024 · Parthia. ancient Iran. Ctesiphon, ancient city located on the left (northeast) bank of the Tigris River about 20 miles (32 km) southeast of modern Baghdad, in east-central Iraq. It served as the winter capital of the Parthian empire and later of the Sāsānian empire.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
Ctesiphon, located on the Tigris River 20 miles (30 km) south of modern Baghdad, served as the Sasanian court’s winter capital and was the location of the Taq-i Kisra, the fabled palace of Khusrau I (r. 531–79). Remains of its legendary vaulted throne hall, housing the largest parabolic barrel vault in the world, still exist today.
In 224 he defeated and killed the last Parthian ruler, Artabanus V, after which Mesopotamia quickly fell before him and Ctesiphon became the main capital of the Sasanian empire. In 230 Ardashīr besieged Hatra but failed to take it.
