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The moment magnitude scale (MMS; denoted explicitly with M or M w or Mwg, and generally implied with use of a single M for magnitude) is a measure of an earthquake's magnitude ("size" or strength) based on its seismic moment. M w was defined in a 1979 paper by Thomas C. Hanks and Hiroo Kanamori.
The Environmental Seismic Intensity scale ( ESI 2007) [1] is a seismic scale used for measuring the intensity of an earthquake on the basis of the effects of the earthquake on the natural environment ( Earthquake Environmental Effects ).
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The local magnitude \(M_L\), or Richter’s magnitude, is often used for small events because it is easy to calculate (however, uncertainties are often large!). The moment magnitude \(M_w\) is the only magnitude that relates unambiguously to some physical earthquake parameter, the seismic moment \(M_0\).
In order to take advantage of the growing number of globally distributed seismograph stations, new magnitude scales that are an extension of Richter's original idea were developed. These include body wave magnitude (Mb) and surface wave magnitude (Ms). Each is valid for a particular frequency range and type of seismic signal.
Today, earthquake magnitude measurement is based on the Moment Magnitude Scale (MMS). MMS measures the movement of rock along the fault. It accurately measures larger earthquakes, which can last for minutes, affect a much larger area, and cause more damage.
Mar 6, 2022 · Here we applied a novel method that consisted of array technology (back-projection), ground-motion prediction equations, and site corrections, to estimate the seismic intensity maps of the 2021 M w 7.3 Madoi, Qinghai and the M w 6.1 Yangbi, Yunnan, China earthquakes.
