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Dec 27, 2022 · Severe dengue, characterized by plasma leakage, severe bleeding, or organ impairment, entails significant morbidity and mortality if not treated timely. There are no definitive curative medications for dengue; management is supportive.
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Fig. 1 - Management of Dengue: An Updated Review - PMC
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Table5 5 - Management of Dengue: An Updated Review - PMC
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Table - Management of Dengue: An Updated Review - PMC
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Prevent spread of dengue within your house. Place patient under bed net or have patient use insect repellent while febrile to avoid infecting mosquitoes that can infect others within 2 weeks. KILL all mosquitoes in house. Empty containers that carry water on patio. Put screens on windows and doors to prevent mosquitoes from coming into house.
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- Overview
- Symptoms
- Diagnostics and Treatment
- Global Burden
- Transmission
- Risk Factors
- Prevention and Control
- Who Response
Dengue (break-bone fever) is a viral infection that spreads from mosquitoes to people. It is more common in tropical and subtropical climates. Most people who get dengue won’t have symptoms. But for those that do, the most common symptoms are high fever, headache, body aches, nausea and rash. Most will also get better in 1–2 weeks. Some people deve...
Most people with dengue have mild or no symptoms and will get better in 1–2 weeks. Rarely, dengue can be severe and lead to death. If symptoms occur, they usually begin 4–10 days after infection and last for 2–7 days. Symptoms may include: 1. high fever (40°C/104°F) 2. severe headache 3. pain behind the eyes 4. muscle and joint pains 5. nausea 6. v...
Most cases of dengue fever can be treated at home with pain medicine. Preventing mosquito bites is the best way to avoid getting dengue. There is no specific treatment for dengue. The focus is on treating pain symptoms. Acetaminophen (paracetamol) is often used to control pain. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs like ibuprofen and aspirin are av...
The incidence of dengue has grown dramatically around the world in recent decades, with cases reported to WHO increased from 505 430 cases in 2000 to 5.2 million in 2019. A vast majority of cases are asymptomatic or mild and self-managed, and hence the actual numbers of dengue cases are under-reported. Many cases are also misdiagnosed as other febr...
Transmission through the mosquito bite
The virus is transmitted to humans through the bites of infected female mosquitoes, primarily the Aedes aegypti mosquito. Other species within the Aedes genus can also act as vectors, but their contribution is secondary to Aedes aegypti. After feeding on a DENV-infected person, the virus replicates in the mosquito midgut before disseminating to secondary tissues, including the salivary glands. The time it takes from ingesting the virus to actual transmission to a new host is termed the extrin...
Human-to-mosquito transmission
Mosquitoes can become infected by people who are viremic with DENV. This can be someone who has a symptomatic dengue infection, someone who is yet to have a symptomatic infection (they are pre-symptomatic), but also people who show no signs of illness as well (they are asymptomatic). Human-to-mosquito transmission can occur up to 2 days before someone shows symptoms of the illness, and up to 2 days after the fever has resolved. The risk of mosquito infection is positively associated with high...
Maternal transmission
The primary mode of transmission of DENV between humans involves mosquito vectors. There is evidence however, of the possibility of maternal transmission (from a pregnant mother to her baby). At the same time, vertical transmission rates appear low, with the risk of vertical transmission seemingly linked to the timing of the dengue infection during the pregnancy. When a mother does have a DENV infection when she is pregnant, babies may suffer from pre-term birth, low birthweight, and fetal di...
Previous infection with DENV increases the risk of the individual developing severe dengue. Urbanization (especially unplanned), is associated with dengue transmission through multiple social and environmental factors: population density, human mobility, access to reliable water source, water storage practice etc. Community’s risks to dengue also d...
The mosquitoes that spread dengue are active during the day. Lower the risk of getting dengue by protecting yourself from mosquito bites by using: 1. clothes that cover as much of your body as possible 2. mosquito nets if sleeping during the day, ideally nets sprayed with insect repellent 3. window screens 4. mosquito repellents (containing DEET, P...
WHO responds to dengue in the following ways: 1. supports countries in the confirmation of outbreaks through its collaborating network of laboratories; 2. provides technical support and guidance to countries for the effective management of dengue outbreaks; 3. supports countries in improving their reporting systems and capture the true burden of th...
May 3, 2019 · Severe Dengue. For those who develop severe dengue, close observation and frequent monitoring in an intensive care unit may be required. Prophylactic platelet transfusions in dengue patients are not beneficial and may contribute to fluid overload.
Apr 12, 2012 · The diagnosis should be considered in any patient presenting with fever that has developed within 14 days after even a brief trip to the tropics or subtropics, including those regions where...
Apr 13, 2023 · Guidelines for classifying dengue. In November 2009, WHO issued a new guideline that classifies symptomatic cases as dengue or severe dengue. Dengue is defined by a combination of ≥2 clinical findings in a febrile person who traveled to or lives in a dengue-endemic area.
This clinical guide uses three categories for case management (A, B, C), based on the model of case classification that follows (Figure 2) after a patient has fulfilled the criteria for probable dengue. Fig. 2. Dengue case classification by severity.
