Search results
Sep 15, 2022 · The formula for an ionic compound follows several conventions. First, the cation is written before the anion. Because most metals form cations and most nonmetals form anions, formulas typically list the metal first and then the nonmetal. Second, charges are not written in a formula.
Sep 25, 2022 · In the solid state, ionic compounds are in crystal lattice containing many ions each of the cation and anion. An ionic formula, like \(\ce{NaCl}\), is an empirical formula. This formula merely indicates that sodium chloride is made of an equal number of sodium and chloride ions. Sodium sulfide, another ionic compound, has the formula \(\ce{Na ...
- A Closer Look at Cations
- A Closer Look at Anions
- Remember Cation and Anion
- Writing Chemical Formulas
- Cations and Anions on The Periodic Table
- Dianions, Dications, and Zwitterions
- References
Cations are ions that have a positive charge. The word “cation” comes from the Greek word ánō, which means “up.” Examples of cations include: 1. Silver: Ag+ 2. Hydronium: H3O+ 3. Ammonium: NH4+ Because an electron is removed to form a cation, the cation of an atom can be smaller than the neutral atom. This is because removing one or more electrons ...
Anions are ions with a negative charge. The word “anion” comes from the Greek word káto, meaning “down.” Examples of anions include: 1. Hydroxide anion: OH– 2. Oxide anion: O2- 3. Sulfate anion: SO42- Electrons are added to form anions, so they may be larger than neutral atoms if another electron shell forms.
There are a couple of simple mnemonics used to remember a cation is positive and an anion is negative. First, you can use the letters of the words. The “t” in “cation” is like a plus symbol. The letters in the word “anion” can stand for “A Negative Ion.” A pun to remember the difference is “CATions are PAWSitive.”
The chemical formula of a compound is always written with the cation first, followed by the anion. For example, Na is the cation and Cl is the anion in NaCl (table salt). The same convention applies to chemical names. The chemical name of table salt is sodium chloride. This works for polyatomic ions, too. Ammonium hydroxide is NH4OH, where NH4+ is ...
Technically, any atom or molecule can form both cations and anions. For example, a hydrogen atom usually has a +1 oxidation state, but sometimes it gains an electron and has a -1 charge! That being said, metals usually form cations, while nonmetals usually form anions. To put it another way, elements on the left side of the periodic tabletend to fo...
There are special names for certain types of ions. An ion with a -2 charge is an anion that is also called a dianion. An ion with a +2 charge is a cation that is also called a dication. A neutral molecule that has an area of positive charge and an area of negative charge is called a zwitterion.
Scerri, E. R. (2007). The periodic table, its story and its significance. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-530573-9.
If the charges of the cation and anion are equal (e.g., +1/-1, +2/-2, +3/-3), then combine the cation and anion in a 1:1 ratio. An example is potassium chloride, KCl. Potassium (K +) has a 1- charge, while chlorine (Cl -) has a 1- charge. Note that you do not ever write a subscript of 1.
For example, when each sodium atom in a sample of sodium metal (group 1) gives up one electron to form a sodium cation, Na +, and each chlorine atom in a sample of chlorine gas (group 17) accepts one electron to form a chloride anion, Cl −, the resulting compound, NaCl, is composed of sodium ions and chloride ions in the ratio of one Na + ion fo...
People also ask
What is the chemical formula for a sulfate ion?
What is ionic formula for sodium sulfide?
What ionic compound is formed between sodium cation and sulfide anion?
What is the chemical formula for potassium sulfate ion?
Learning Objectives. By the end of this section, you will be able to: Define ionic and molecular (covalent) compounds. Predict the type of compound formed from elements based on their location within the periodic table. Determine formulas for simple ionic compounds.
Chapter 3: Ions, Ionic Compounds, and Nomenclature. An ion is a small particle having an electrical charge. Ions are either single, charged atoms (simple ions), or small charged “molecules” (polyatomic ions). Examples of simple ions are Na+, Ca+2, Cl-‐, and S-‐2. Examples of polyatomic ions are NH.
