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Although initially willing to negotiate the withdrawal of the Soviet Army from Hungary, the USSR repressed the Hungarian Revolution on 4 November 1956, and fought the Hungarian revolutionaries until Soviet victory on 10 November; repression of the Hungarian Uprising killed 2,500 Hungarians and 700 Soviet Army soldiers, and compelled 200,000 ...
- 23 June – 11 November 195623 October – 4 November 1956 (main phase)
- Hungarian People's Republic
- Soviet victory, Revolution repressed
Apr 1, 2024 · Hungarian Revolution, popular uprising in Hungary in 1956, following a speech by Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev in which he attacked the period of Joseph Stalin’s rule. Encouraged by the new freedom of debate and criticism, a rising tide of unrest and discontent in Hungary broke out into active.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
Nov 24, 2009 · A spontaneous national uprising that began 12 days before in Hungary is viciously crushed by Soviet tanks and troops on November 4, 1956. Thousands were killed and wounded and nearly a...
- 1 min
On November 4 the Soviet forces entered Budapest and began liquidating the revolution. Nagy took refuge in the Yugoslav embassy and Cardinal Mindszenty in the U.S. legation. Gen. Pál Maléter, the Nagy government’s minister of defense, who had been invited by the Soviet commanders to negotiate, was taken captive and eventually executed.
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First shots
On the afternoon of October 23, 1956, approximately 20,000 protesters convened next to the Bem statue. Péter Veres, President of the Writers’ Union, read a manifesto to the crowd, the students read their proclamation, and the crowd then chanted the censored "National Song" (Nemzeti dal), the refrain of which states: "We vow, we vow, we will no longer remain slaves." Someone in the crowd cut out the communist coat of arms from the Hungarian Flag, leaving a distinctive hole and others quickly f...
Fighting spreads, government falls
During the night of October 23, Hungarian Communist Party Secretary Ernő Gerő requested Soviet military intervention "to suppress a demonstration that was reaching an ever greater and unprecedented scale." The Soviet leadership had formulated contingency plans for intervention in Hungary several months before. By 2 A.M.on October 24, under orders of Georgy Zhukov, the Soviet defense minister, Soviet tanks entered Budapest. On October 24, Soviet tanks were stationed outside the Parliament buil...
Interlude
Fighting had virtually ceased between October 28 and November 4.
Hungary
Between November 10 and December 19, workers' councils negotiated directly with the occupying Soviets. While they achieved some prisoner releases, they did not achieve a Soviet withdrawal. Thousands of Hungarians were arrested, imprisoned and deported to the Soviet Union, many without evidence. Approximately 200,000 Hungarians fled Hungary, some 26,000 were put on trial by the Kádár government, and of those 13,000 were imprisoned. Former Hungarian Foreign Minister Géza Jeszenszky estimated 35...
International
Despite Cold War rhetoric by the West, espousing a rollback of the domination of Eastern Europe by the Soviet Union, and Soviet promises of the imminent triumph of socialism, national leaders of this period as well as later historians saw the failure of the uprising in Hungary as evidence that the Cold War in Europe had become a stalemate. Heinrich von Brentano, foreign minister of West Germany, recommended that the people of Eastern Europe be discouraged from "taking dramatic action which mi...
Commemoration
In December 1991, the preamble of the treaties with the dismembered Soviet Union, under Mikhail Gorbachev, and Russia, represented by Boris Yeltsin, apologized officially for the 1956 Soviet actions in Hungary. This apology was repeated by Yeltsin in 1992 during a speech to the Hungarian parliament. On February 13, 2006, the U.S. State Department commemorated the 50th anniversary of the 1956 Hungarian Revolution. Condoleezza Rice, U.S. secretary of state, commented on the contributions made b...
Arendt, Hannah. Origins of Totalitarianism. Harcourt, 1951. ISBN 0156701537Békés, Csaba, Malcolm Byrne, and Janos Rainer (eds.) The 1956 Hungarian Revolution: A History in Documents (National Security Archive Cold War Readers). Central European University Press, 2003. ISB...Bibó, István. Democracy, Revolution, Self-Determination. Columbia University Press, 1991. ISBN 088033214XGadney, Reg. Cry Hungary: Uprising 1956. Macmillan, 1986. ISBN 0689118384All links retrieved January 19, 2018. 1. Institute of Revolutionary History, Hungary– A Hungarian language site providing historical photos and documents, books and reviews, and links to English language sites. 2. The Hungarian Revolt, October 23 - November 4, 1956– A Scribner research anthology of written sources on the Hungarian Revolt, edited by...
Hungary in the Soviet orbit As in 1920, a new regime recognized the defeat of its predecessor. As early as December 1944, a makeshift Provisional National Assembly had accepted a government list and program presented to it by communist agents following in the wake of the Soviet armies.
The operation, codenamed Vichr (Whirlwind), would have the Soviets invade Hungary with such force and speed that there would be almost no time to resist. The Soviet forces already inside Hungary were organized into two armies.
