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It was a military conflict that took place between 1630 and 1635, during the course of the Thirty Years' War. It was a major turning point of the war: the Protestant cause, previously on the verge of defeat, won several major victories and changed the direction of the War.
- 1630–1635
- Peace of Prague, Most of Sweden's German allies making peace with the Emperor, End of the civil war phase of the Thirty Years' War, Direct French intervention against the Emperor and Spain
- Throughout the Holy Roman Empire
The Swedish intervention in the Thirty Years’ War, when King Gustav II Adolf of Sweden ordered a full-scale invasion of the Catholic states, was a major turning point of the war. LEARNING OBJECTIVE. Discuss why the Swedish were inclined to join in the war. KEY POINTS.
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- Critique of Previous Historical Analyses
- Realism
- Constructivism
- Proto-Sovereign State
- A Realist Explanation of Sweden’s Intervention
- Conclusion
While there is some research on Sweden in this period, previous historical narratives have failed to place these events in a theoretical framework. As a result, the existing literature records Sweden’s actions but is weaker at explaining how and why it justified its behavior during the Thirty Years’ War. In addressing this gap in the literature, th...
Prior to examining the realist justifications for Sweden’s invasion into the HRE, it is helpful to examine the perspective itself. Realism, particularly classical realism, is an international relations theory that seeks to understand why conflict exists in the world. Classical realism’s response to this question is to look at human nature and the i...
Realism is a useful perspective in understanding the military, economic, and political factors that influenced Sweden’s pragmatic behavior. It even provides an explanation for Swedish rhetoric and its use by Sweden’s leaders as a veneer over their realpolitik ambitions. This theory, however, is less useful in explaining the type of language and im...
Realism is a particularly useful viewpoint for countries that are internally consolidated, modern states. A relatively undeveloped feature of Sweden’s intervention in this period regards Sweden’s position as a proto-sovereign state before the formation of other European nation states following the Treaty of Westphalia, which allows it to act more i...
The realist perspective is useful in understanding many of the events surrounding Sweden’s military intervention into the HRE, particularly those that deal with Sweden’s recognition of the national interests, power politics, community divisions, and anarchic system that existed in early seventeenth century Europe. First, Swedish foreign policy thro...
Threatened by the situation developing in Central Europe, Sweden recognized it needed to act if it hoped to protect its interests and insure its long-term survival. A realist analysis demonstrates that concerns of community, anarchy, power politics, and national interest coincided with key international factors to reduce the risks of Sweden’s inter...
- Marc C DuBuis
- 2015
However, French reinforcements enabled Nevers to retain Casale, while Ferdinand withdrew his troops in response to Swedish intervention in the Thirty Years' War, and the two sides agreed a truce in October 1630. The June 1631 Treaty of Cherasco confirmed Nevers as Duke of Mantua and Montferrat, in return for minor territorial losses.
LEARNING OBJECTIVE. Identify the reasons why France was invested in the events of the Thirty Years’ War. KEY POINTS. France, though Roman Catholic, was a rival of the Holy Roman Empire and Spain because they considered the Habsburgs too powerful since they held a number of territories on France’s eastern border.
The Swedish intervention in the Thirty Years’ War, when King Gustav II Adolf of Sweden ordered a full-scale invasion of the Catholic states, was a major turning point of the war.
Swedish Intervention. King Gustav of Sweden. Peace of Prague. The Swedish intervention in the Thirty Years’ War, when King Gustav II Adolf of Sweden ordered a full-scale invasion of the Catholic states, was a major turning point of the war.
