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A state where laws are administered uniformly
- A state where laws are administered uniformly, without regional authorities diluting the power. Explanation: A unitary state, as opposed to a federal state like the United States, is a state where laws are administered uniformly by one central government.
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Possible Answers: A state that is divided into several regions that are subject to one federal government, but also have delegated powers of their own. None of these answers describes a unitary state. A state where the highest law of the country is the divine law of God.
- 7 points (2 + 1 + 2 + 2)
- A. Identify TWO goals of the New Urbanism movement. 2 points (1+1)
- point (Must address both parts)
- 2 points (1+1)
- D. Explain TWO criticisms of New Urbanism. 2 points (1+1)
- Economic Incentives (1 pt.)
- Social Program or Policy (1 pt.)
- Potential Impacts (1 pt.)
- Negative Impacts
- Identify
- Explain
Note: Smart growth may be used in place of, or in conjunction with, New Urbanism.
Note: “Sustainability” and “better life,” alone, are not acceptable unless terms relate to a goal listed above. B. Explain the difference between mixed-use development and traditional zoning practices.
Mixed-use zoning permits multiple land-uses in the same space or building, AND Traditional zoning requires separate zones based upon land-use type or economic function (e.g., residential, commercial, industrial) C. Explain TWO benefits of mixed use development in promoting urban growth.
Ease of accessibility to services, recreation, jobs Less travel time or cost (e.g., reduced need for car ownership), increased personal time and discretionary income Increased social interaction, or increased sense of community; improved sense of place or neighborhood character Decreased energy or fuel use, decreased carbon-footprint, decreased air...
High housing costs still price out lower income residents or favor middle to upper income residents De facto segregation or decreased diversity are perpetuated Increased popularity may place stress on infrastructure or community; draw away residents or revenue from surrounding areas Potential residents still favor yard space and detached single-f...
Increasing distribution, availability, or affordability of contraceptives to men and women Promoting economic development, poverty reduction, sustainable development Promoting female labor force participation or business ownership (e.g., microcredit, access to capital) Offering incentives for smaller families or disincentives for having larger fami...
Promoting family planning, or reproductive health education Increasing education of girls, promoting higher education for women Implementing antinatalist policies that limit the number of children Improving healthcare for women, infants, and children Producing media or ad campaigns showing benefits of family planning practices Promoting urbaniz...
Reduced birth rates or fertility rates (lower population is not acceptable) Move from stage two to stage three of the demographic transition Fewer children lead to more resources for better education or health care Improved gender equality or female empowerment Conflicts between traditional social norms and new population programs Increased social ...
Standardization of laws and their implementation across the country Patriotism or pride in one’s country is bolstered due to uniformity Efficiencies are achieved through less duplication OR faster countrywide implementation of laws or governmental services across multiple scales Fewer government or taxation agencies, or fewer scales of government o...
Multiple nationalities, ethnicities, or cultures To address devolutionary forces arising from physical, economic, or political differences Larger countries, or territorial control over large or fragmented area
Diverse states (e.g., politically, economically, regionally, culturally) devolve power in order to reduce separatist tendencies or to enhance loyalty to the country. Federal governments are able to maintain national cohesion by bridging physical or cultural barriers or providing means for resolving conflicts between subnational areas. Large coun...
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AP® HUMAN GEOGRAPHY SCORING GUIDELINES Question 3 6 Points: 2 + 2 + 2) A. Define unitary state and identify the country shown that fits the definition of a unitary state. oints (1 definition + 1 identification) • Definition: o a country organized in such a way that most power is placed in a central government, or
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Unitary System. : A unitary system is a form of government where power is concentrated in the central government, and local governments are subordinate. Cram for AP Human Geography Unit 4 – Topic 4.7 with study guides and practice quizzes to review Unitary systems, Federal states, Devolution, and more.
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Explain how uneven development within a state can act as a centrifugal force. For a multinational state facing the realities of devolution, explain why a government would choose to create an autonomous region or choose to maintain a unitary state. Scoring Guidelines for Question 1: No stimulus.
13.97. 31.64. The following comments on the 2023 free-response questions for AP® Human Geography were written by the Chief Reader, Lisa Benton-Short, Professor of Geography at the George Washington University. They give an overview of each free-response question and of how students performed on the question, including typical student errors.
Political geographers classify most countries as either unitary states or federal states. A. Define unitary state and identify the country shown that fits the definition of a unitary state. B. Explain ONE positive and ONE negative impact of a unitary system.
