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- DictionaryWei·mar Re·pub·lic/ˈvīˌmär rəˈpəblik/
- 1. the German republic of 1919–33, so called because its constitution was drawn up at Weimar. The republic was faced with huge reparation costs deriving from the Treaty of Versailles as well as soaring inflation and high unemployment. The 1920s saw a growth in support for right-wing groups and the Republic was eventually overthrown by the Nazi Party of Adolf Hitler.
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An idealist experiment. The Weimar Republic was born in the last days of World War I. It began with a mutiny among sailors and dock workers that forced the abdication of Kaiser Wilhelm II, the German monarch. The future of Germany was then grasped by political idealists who sought to make their homeland the most liberal democratic nation in Europe.
- The Early Years: Internal Conflict
- Stresemann's Golden Era
- The Republic Crumbles and Hitler's Support Rises
- Hitler's Chancellorship and The Death of The Weimar Republic
- Reasons For The Weimar Republic's Failure
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The Republic was under great pressure from both left and right-wing extremists. The radical left accused the ruling Social Democrats of having betrayed the ideals of the workers' movement by preventing a communist revolution. Right-wing extremists were opposed to any democratic system, preferring an authoritarian state like the 1871 Empire. To furt...
Gustav Stresemann was Reichskanzlerfor a brief period in 1923, and served as Foreign Minister from 1923-1929, a period of relative stability for the Weimar Republic when there were fewer uprisings and seemingly the beginnings of an economic recovery. Stresemann's first move was to issue a new currency, the Rentenmark, to halt the extreme hyperinfla...
Loss of credibility for the Republic
The last years of the Weimar republic were stamped by even more political instability than in the previous years and the administrations of Chancellors Brüning, Papen, Schleicher and Hitler (from January 30 to March 3, 1933) were all Presidentially appointed dictatorships. On March 29, 1930, the finance expert Heinrich Brüning had been appointed the successor of Chancellor Müller by Paul von Hindenburg after months of political lobbying by General Kurt von Schleicher on behalf of the military...
Franz von Papen calls for elections
Hindenburg then appointed Franz von Papen as new Reichskanzler. Von Papen lifted the ban on the SA, imposed after the street riots, in an unsuccessful attempt to secure the backing of Hitler. Papen was closely associated with the industrialist and land-owning classes and pursued an extreme Conservative policy along Hindenburg's lines. He appointed as Reichswehr Minister Kurt von Schleicher and all of the members of the new cabinet were of the same political opinion as Hindenberg. This governm...
November and "Socialist General" Schleicher
The November 6, 1932 elections yielded 33.0 percent for the Nazis: It dropped 2 million voters. Franz von Papen stepped down, and was succeeded by General von Schleicher as Reichskanzler on December 3. The political army officer Schleicher, had developed in atmosphere of semi-obscurity and intrigue that encompassed the Republican military policy. He had for years been in the camp of those supporting the Conservative counter-revolution. Schleicher's bold and unsuccessful plan was to build a ma...
Hitler was sworn in as Chancellor on the morning of January 30, 1933 in what some observers later described as a brief and indifferent ceremony. By early February, a mere week after Hitler's assumption of the chancellorship, the government had begun to clamp down on the opposition. Meetings of the left-wing parties were banned, and even some of the...
The Weimar Republic's catastrophic collapse is the subject of continued debate. Although Hitler became Reichskanzler legally through mechanisms set forth in the constitution and the NSDAP gained a relative majority of the seats in Parliament in two 1932 elections, he was appointed chancellor at a time when support for the NSDAP was not considered s...
Abraham, David. The Collapse of the Weimar Republic: Political Economy and Crisis, 2nd Ed. New York: Holmes & Meier Publishers, 1986. ISBN 0841910847.Allen, William Sheridan. The Nazi Seizure of Power: The Experience of a Single German town, 1922-1945 Toronto: F. Watts, 1984. ISBN 0531099350.Berghahn, V.R. Modern Germany. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 1982. ISBN 0521347483.Bookbinder, Paul. Weimar Germany: The Republic of the Reasonable. Manchester, UK: Manchester University Press, 1996. ISBN 0719042860.All links retrieved August 18, 2020. 1. The Constitution of the German Reich (Weimar constitution) of 11th August 1919, in full text 2. PSM Data Bank 3. Historical documents (German)
Aug 2, 2016 · The Weimar Republic, the post–World War I German government named for the German city where it was formed, lasted more than 14 years, but democracy never found firm footing. This chapter explores Germany in the years preceding the Nazis' ascension to power by highlighting efforts to turn a fledgling republic into a strong democracy and ...
The Weimar Republic, officially known as the German Reich, was a historical period of Germany from 9 November 1918 to 23 March 1933, during which it was a constitutional federal republic for the first time in history; hence it is also referred to, and unofficially proclaimed itself, as the German Republic. The period's informal name is derived from the city of Weimar, which hosted the ...
May 29, 2019 · In this two-day lesson, students will continue this unit’s historical case study by learning about the 14 years of the Weimar Republic, the democratic government that replaced monarchy in Germany after the war. While exploring the politics, culture, economics, and social trends of Germany during this era, students will also reflect on the ...
The Weimar Republic. "Weimar Republic" is the name given to the German government between the end of the Imperial period (1918) and the beginning of Nazi Germany (1933). Political turmoil and violence, economic hardship, and also new social freedoms and vibrant artistic movements characterized the complex Weimar period.
The forces of social revolution were gradually defeated, and the way was paved for the establishment of a democratic republic. The new National Assembly met at Weimar from February 6 to August 11, 1919, and drew up a new constitution; hence the name Weimar Republic. The new constitution created a strong central government.
