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The earliest complete copies of the LXX, Codex Sinaiticus and Codex Vaticanus, are from the 4th century CE. The whole Christian Bible, including the deuterocanonical books, was available in Koine Greek by about 100 AD; so were numerous apocryphal Gospels.
In England, a group of Middle English Bible translations were created: including the Wycliffean Bibles (1383, 1393) and the Paues New Testament, based on the Vulgate.
During the Middle Ages few could read the Latin Bible, and vernacular versions of the Bible, in part or whole, appeared at times throughout the period. The most important of these was the so-called Wyclif Bible, an English translation compiled in 1382.
The most important Masoretic medieval manuscripts are the Aleppo Codex, which dates to the 10th century C.E., and the Leningrad Codex, which dates to 1009 C.E. The Masoretic Text is the version held as authoritative and used liturgically in most synagogues today.
Although Martin Luther and the Reformation are often credited with the translation of the Bible into the languages of the people, vernacular Bibles were well known in the Middle Ages. Bibles in English, French, German and Spanish were extremely popular, although church authorities were frequently uneasy with the idea of laypeople having direct ...
Mar 19, 2008 · His translations became the unofficial standard text of the Bible throughout the Middle Ages. At the Council of Trent (1546-63), the Roman Catholic officially made it the standard text. Its quality is best in the Old Testament (excluding the Apocrypha which Jerome did not like).
The Middle Ages spanned the period between two watersheds in the history of the biblical text: Jerome’s Latin translation circa 405 and Gutenberg’s first printed version in 1455.
