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Dec 6, 2023 · Dr. Beth Harris. Smithsonian's National Museum of Asian Art. We believe art has the power to transform lives and to build understanding across cultures. The brilliant histories of art belong to everyone, no matter their background. Smarthistory’s free, award-winning digital content unlocks the expertise of hundreds of leading scholars, making ...
The Western Zhou was a period of Chinese history, approximately first half of the Zhou dynasty, before the period of the Eastern Zhou. It began when King Wu of Zhou overthrew the Shang dynasty at the Battle of Muye and ended when Quanrong pastoralists sacked its capital Haojing and killed King You of Zhou in 771 BC.
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- Culture and The Arts During The Zhou Dynasty
- Zhou Bronzes
- Inscriptions on Zhou Bronzes
- Mao Gong Ding and The World’S Longest Bronze Inscription
- Development of Zhou Bronze
- Styles of Zhou Bronzes
- Late Shang and Early Western Zhou Bronze
- Middle Zhou- Early Spring and Autumn Period Bronzes
- Warring State Bronzes from Marquis Yi's Tomb
- Late Zhou Bronzes Bronzes
Bronze elephant Lengthy inscriptions found on some bronze vessels indicate the Zhou were not merely military-minded philistines as they have often been made out to be. Qu Yuan (340-277 B.C.), a poet from the Warring Staes Period, is regarded by some as the father of Chinese poetry. One of his most famous lines goes: “Long did I sigh to hold back te...
According to the National Palace Museum, Taipei: “The bronzes of the early Western Zhou inherited the artistic styles from the late Shang, but they gradually changed and were completely different by the middle Zhou. In the early Western Zhou, a host of new vessels, shapes, and designs appeared. The form and style of writing in the inscriptions on b...
According to the National Palace Museum, Taipei: “Inscribing on bronzes, either by casting or engraving, is a characteristic of Chinese bronzes which makes them very uniquely different from those made in other cultures. The rich textual repertoire debuted with mostly clan or ancestor names during Shang and early Zhou, and around the mid-period of W...
According to the National Palace Museum, Taipei:Mao Gong Ding(Cauldron of Duke of Mao), commissioned by a high official of consequence Duke of Mao, who was also an uncle of King Xuan, carries the longest bronze text so far extant. Made in the late West Zhou during the (reign of King Xuan, it is 53.8 centimeters tall and 47.9 centimeters wide and ha...
According to the Shanghai Museum: “ Bronze technology reached its apex during the late Shang and early Western Zhou dynasties. Ritual system characterized by bronze wine vessels became more sophisticated. The entire body of vessels was often covered with both high and low relief, showing marvelous and elegant patterns. They also expressed dignity a...
According to the National Palace Museum, Taipei: “Bronze styles of Western Zhou can be divided into three stages. Early productions continued the stern and fearsome characteristics of Shang bronzes. By the middle stage, the Zhou had developed their own styles in designs and patterns, emphasizing a wavy, flowing visual effect. The late stage was mar...
According to the Shanghai Museum:“ The late Shang and early Western Zhou dynasties witnessed the zenith of Chinese bronze casting. During this period the sets of bronzes used in ritual (originally mainly wine vessels) changed. Although at first the early Western Zhou people followed the Shang ritual system, they gradually developed ceremonies in wh...
According to the Shanghai Museum:“ During the middle and late Western Zhou dynasty, food vessels increasingly dominated ritual ceremonies. Regulations specified the numbers of ding tripods, bells, and other bronzes appropriate for the king’s use and for the use of lower-ranking nobles. New bronze shapes emerged, distinguished by an imposing and wei...
On the bronzes dated to 430 B.C. found in Marquis Ti’s Tomb, Patricia Buckley Ebrey of the University of Washington wrote: “The late Zhou saw important changes in the function and style of bronzes. During the Shang and the Western Zhou bronze vessels had been used primarily for sacrifices to the ancestors, both in life and after death. During the W...
According to the Shanghai Museum:“ The Chinese bronze tradition enjoyed a second flowering beginning in the middle Spring and Autumn period. As the bronze industries in the feudal states matured, regional styles with unique characteristics arose. Bronzes cast in the northern states of Jin and Qin, the eastern states of Qi and Lu, and the southern s...
Shang. around 1050 B.C.E. and established their own. dynasty. The Zhou shared many cultural similarities with the Shang. They performed similar religious rituals, used bronze ritual vessels, and practiced divination. During its first years, known as the Western Zhou (c. 1050–771 B.C.E.) because its capital was located in western China, the ...
The Zhou people had their origins in the far western reaches of the Yellow River in present day Shaanxi province. They conquered the Shang around 1050 BCE and established their own dynasty. The Zhou shared many cultural similarities with the Shang. They performed similar religious rituals, used bronze ritual vessels, and practiced divination.
In Zhou dynasty: History. … is usually known as the Xi (Western) Zhou dynasty, and that from 770 is known as the Dong (Eastern) Zhou dynasty. The Dong Zhou itself is often further subdivided into the Spring and Autumn (Chunqiu) period (770–476 bce ), when China consisted of many small squabbling states, and the Warring States….
