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What causes Rocky Mountain spotted fever?
What is Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF)?
Rocky mountain spotted fever. Clinical Information. Acute, infectious, sometimes fatal disease caused by rickettsia rickettsii usually transmitted by ixodid ticks; occurs only in north and south america; manifestations include chills, fever, rash, headache, myalgia, and prostration. An acute febrile illness caused by rickettsia rickettsii.
- Serology
- Persistent Antibodies
- PCR
- IHC and Culture
The standard serologic test for diagnosis of RMSF is the indirect immunofluorescence antibody (IFA) assay for immunoglobulin G (IgG) using R. rickettsiiantigen.IgG IFA assays should be performed on paired acute and convalescent serum samples collected 2–4 weeks apart to demonstrate evidence of a fourfold seroconversion.Antibody titers are frequently negative in the first week of illness. RMSF cannot be confirmed using single acute antibody results.Immunoglobulin M (IgM) IFA assays are available through some reference laboratories, however results might be less specific than IgG IFA assays for diagnosing a recent infection.Antibodies to R. rickettsiimight remain elevated for many months after the disease has resolved.In certain people, high titers of antibodies against R. rickettsiihave been observed up to four years after the acute illness.Ten percent or more of healthy people in some areas might have elevated antibody titers due to past exposure to R. rickettsiior other SFGR.Comparison of paired, and appropriately timed, serologic assays provides the best evidence of recent infection.Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification is performed on DNA extracted from whole blood.R. rickettsii infect the endothelial cells that line blood vessels and may not circulate in large numbers in the blood until the disease has progressed to a severe phase of infection.Although a positive PCR result is helpful, a negative result does not rule out the diagnosis, and treatment should not be withheld due to a negative result.PCR might also be used to amplify DNA from a skin biopsy of a rash lesion, or in post-mortem tissue specimens. See instructions for the collection of a skin biopsy pdf icon[PDF – 1 page].Culture and immunohistochemistry (IHC) assays can also be performed on skin biopsies of a rash lesion, or post-mortem tissue specimens.Culture isolation and IHC assays of R. rickettsiiare only available at specialized laboratories; routine hospital blood cultures cannot detect the organism.Aug 25, 2022 · Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) is an illness you get from the bacteria Rickettsia rickettsii ( R. rickettsii). It spreads through tick bites. Symptoms start out similar to many other illnesses, including headache, fever and rash. But if not treated right away, RMSF can be life-threatening.
Sep 15, 2022 · INTRODUCTION. Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) is a potentially lethal, but curable tick-borne disease, which was first described in Idaho in the 19 th century. In 1906, Howard Ricketts demonstrated that RMSF was an infectious disease transmitted by ticks [ 1 ].
Feb 19, 2019 · Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) is a bacterial disease spread through the bite on an infected tick.
Jul 17, 2023 · Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) is an acute febrile tick-borne illness caused by Rickettsia rickettsii. In North America, it is both the most severe and the most common rickettsial infection. Without prompt antibiotic treatment, mortality rates are as high as 20 to 30 percent.
More Information. Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) is caused by Rickettsia rickettsii and transmitted by ixodid ticks. Symptoms are high fever, severe headache, and rash. (See also Overview of Rickettsial and Related Infections .) Rocky Mountain spotted fever is a rickettsial disease.