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- There are three political institutions which hold the executive and legislative power of the union. The Council of the European Union represents governments, the parliament represents citizens and the commission represents the European interest.
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The European Union works to ensure the safety and security of everyone in the EU, in the physical and digital world and across all parts of society. Europeans should feel confident that wherever they move within the EU, their freedom and security are fully protected.
- Introduction
- What Are The Main Institutions of The EU?
- How Do The Institutions Relate to Each other?
- What Are The Powers of The European Parliament?
- What Does The European Commission do?
- What Does EU Law Cover?
- How Does The EU Run Its Foreign Policy?
- How Are Trade Negotiations handled?
- Is There An EU Military?
- How Big Is The EU Budget?
Since the end of World War II, European countries have sought to deepen their integration in pursuit of peace and economic growth. The institutions that became the European Union (EU) have steadily expanded and strengthened their authority as member states have passed more and more decision-making power to the union. However, the EU has been buffet...
European integration began to take shape in the 1950s, but the modern union was founded in 1992 with the Maastricht Treaty. The EU was given its current structure and powers in 2007 with the Lisbon Treaty, also known as the Reform Treaty. Under these treaties, the bloc’s twenty-seven members agree to pool their sovereignty and delegate many decisio...
These EU institutions form a complex web of powers and mutual oversight. At base they draw their democratic legitimacy from elections in two ways: First, the European Council, which sets the bloc’s overall political direction, is composed of democratically elected national leaders. Second, the European Parliament is composed of representatives—know...
Although Parliament can’t initiate legislation, EU law can’t pass without Parliament’s approval. Parliament negotiates all laws, including the budget, with the commission and the Council of Ministers in an arrangement known as co-decision. In addition, international agreements, including trade agreements, require Parliament’s sign-off. The presiden...
As the executive body, the commission is most responsible for the day-to-day operations of the EU. The commission is tasked with drafting legislation and drawing up the EU budget. It sends these proposals to Parliament and the Council of Ministers and negotiates with them until it wins approval from both institutions. The commission is also respons...
Member states gave the EU different levels of authority over different areas, known as competencies: 1. Exclusive competenciesare areas in which only the EU, not national governments, can pass laws. These include many of the core activities of the EU, including the customs union, business competition rules, trade agreements, and, for eurozone count...
The common foreign and security policy (CFSP), as the EU’s foreign policy is known, primarily concerns diplomacy, security, and defense cooperation. High-level direction is set by the bloc’s national governments through the European Council and the Council of Ministers. But CFSP decisions must be unanimous, and member states remain free to make the...
The EU foreign ministry is distinct from the EU’s common commercial policy, which carries out trade policy via the EU trade commissioner. National governments have agreed to transfer all their decision-making power in this area, unlike other foreign policy matters, to the EU. The EU needs a unified trade policy because of its customs union, which s...
EU countries cooperate on military missions, but they are conducted on a voluntary, case-by-case basis by national militaries. There is no standing EU army independent of member states’ armies. EU security efforts take place under the common security and defense policy (CSDP), which is also operated out of the European Commission and led by the EU ...
The European Union’s spending was a little more than $197 billion in 2020, the last year for which the European Commission released its full accounting. 1. One of the largest chunks, at about 35 percent, is spent on agricultural programs. The biggest outlays are for direct payments to farmers and the development of fisheries, forests, and rural com...
- James Mcbride
Together with the European Parliament, the Council is the main decision-making body of the EU. Not to be confused with: European Council - quarterly summits, where EU leaders meet to set the broad direction of EU policy making; Council of Europe - not an EU body at all; What does the Council do?
Overview. Role: Defines the general political direction and priorities of the European Union. Members: Heads of state or government of EU countries, European Council President, European Commission President. President: Charles Michel. Established in: 1974 (informal forum), 1992 (formal status), 2009 (official EU institution) Location: Brussels ...
The common principles and values that underlie life in the EU: freedom, democracy, equality and the rule of law, promoting peace and stability. Key facts and figures. Statistics on EU countries and populations, economy and employment, transport and energy and the EU institutions. EU countries.
2 days ago · European Union (EU), international organization comprising 27 European countries and governing common economic, social, and security policies. The EU was created by the Maastricht Treaty, which entered into force on November 1, 1993.
The European Union (EU) is a supranational political and economic union of 27 member states that are located primarily in Europe. The Union has a total area of 4,233,255 km 2 (1,634,469 sq mi) and an estimated total population of over 448 million.
