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  2. Instead, ice flows from the region where it is thickest toward the edges where it is thinner, as shown in Figure 16.9. This means that in the central thickest parts, the ice flows almost vertically down toward the base, while in the peripheral parts, it flows out toward the margins.

    • Steven Earle
    • 2015
  3. A glacier (US /ˈɡleɪʃər/ or UK /ˈɡlæsiə/) is a persistent body of dense ice that is constantly moving under its own weight; it forms where the accumulation of snow exceeds its ablation (melting and sublimation) over many years, often centuries. Glaciers slowly deform and flow due to stresses induced by their weight, creating crevasses ...

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  4. Once ice floes form, the water underneath becomes insulated and heat loss to the atmosphere declines, so the water no longer cools and no more ice formation occurs. As a result, young sea ice is usually relatively thin, not more than 3-4 m thick.

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  5. Glaciers move by internal deformation of the ice, and by sliding over the rocks and sediments at the base. The weight of overlying snow, firn, and ice, and the pressure exerted by upstream and downstream ice deforms glacier ice, in a phenomenon known as creep. A glacier may slide on a thin layer of water at its base.

  6. The thin ice permits much light to penetrate, and the result is a fertile winter ice ecosystem. In the Arctic, a key area where pancake ice forms the dominant ice type over an entire region is the so-called Odden ice tongue in the Greenland Sea. The Odden (the word is Norwegian for headland) grows eastward from the main East Greenland ice edge ...

  7. Sep 28, 2021 · An ice age ends when the Earth warms enough for the ice cover to recede, or disappear completely. The regions on the fringes of extensive ice sheets and glaciers...

  8. Mar 28, 2018 · Snow, ice sheets, glaciers, sea ice and permafrost, known as the cryosphere, act as Earth’s thermostat and deep freeze, regulating temperatures by reflecting heat from the Sun and storing most of our fresh water.

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