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1. Top results related to what is difference between unitary and federal government quizlet

   • What is the difference between is and =?

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     Answered Apr 16, 2013 · 17 votes

     No, because =/2 does not mean assign in Prolog, but rather unify. And the unification algorithm does not know anything at all about arithmetic, just structure. So you can do some interesting things with arithmetic expressions in Prolog that are quite difficult to pull off in other languages:

     ?- X = 5 + 2.X = 5+2.

     It looks like nothing happened there, but what actually happened is X was given the value "5 + 2" as a structure. Put another way:

     ?- A + B = 5 + 2.A = 5,B = 2.

     Or even:

     ?- X = 5 + 2, X =.. [Op|_]. X = 5+2,Op = (+).

     That last one might make more sense with the whole list though:

     ?- X = 5 + 2, X =.. Y.X = 5+2,Y = [+, 5, 2].

     This is an effect of the remarkable "univ" operator, =../2, which is able to convert between Lisp-like lists and Prolog syntax, enabling you to do interesting construction and decomposition of structures in a generic fashion.

     Now, is/2, on the other hand, does know about arithmetic. It unifies its left argument with the result of arithmetic simplification of its right. Do note that it only works in one direction:

     ?- 7 is 5 + 2.true.?- 5 + 2 is 7.false.

     You could say that =/2 is interested in structure and is/2 is interested in numeric equality. But it does mean that it's unusually easy to teach Prolog algebra:

     simplify(X * Y + X * Z, X * (Y + Z)). % distributive propertysimplify(X, X).?- simplify(A * 3 + A * 4, Q).Q = A* (3+4)

     Now, this isn't perfect (note that we got 3+4 and not 7) and it's still a lot of work to make it really smart:

     ?- simplify(3 * A + 4 * A, Q).Q = 3*A+4*A.

     But that's a problem for another day.

     Nutshell:

     • =/2 triggers unification
     • is/2 triggers arithmetic evaluation

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   • What is the difference between list and 1-D array ? and what is the difference between series and dictionary?

     Top Answer

     Answered Aug 12, 2022 · 0 votes

     Welcome to Stackoverflow :) list and dictionary are data types in python to hold data. The 1-D array is a data structure similar to a list that can contain any kind of data. Both list or NumPy arrays can be one or multidimensional. 1-D means that every element in a list or in an array can be accessed by one index. e.g.,:

     a = [1,2, 3]# now if I want to access number 2 in the list I do it asa[1]# where as in 2-D, you need to pass to indexes in order to access an element:b = [[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6]]# here if I want to access number 2 I need to pass two positional index:b[0][1]

     series are also 1-D arrays that hold any type of data, they are similar to tables. for example

     import pandas as pd-var = [1,2, 3]sr = pd.Series(a)print(sr)---output---0 11 72 2

     2-D tables are referred to as dataframes. You can use dictionaries to make dataframes as follows:

     data = { "books": [20, 30, 40], "pages": [200, 300, 400]}# Convert the data into a 2-D table aka dataframedf = pd.DataFrame(data)print(df) ----output---- books pages0 20 2001 30 3002 40 400

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   • what is the difference between required and @required in flutter. What is the difference between them and when do we need to use them?

     Top Answer

     Answered May 21, 2021 · 42 votes

     @required is just an annotation that allows analyzers let you know that you're missing a named parameter and that's it. so you can still compile the application and possibly get an exception if this named param was not passed.

     However sound null-safety was added to dart, and required is now a keyword that needs to be passed to a named parameter so that it doesn't let the compiler run if this parameter has not been passed. It makes your code more strict and safe.

     If you truly think this variable can be null then you would change the type by adding a ? after it so that the required keyword is not needed, or you can add a default value to the parameter.

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   • What is trap frame? And what is difference between trap frame and task_struct?

     Top Answer

     Answered Dec 17, 2017 · 8 votes

     The cpu state - is about context switch, while trapframe holds userspace state saved in tcb after exception or irq have arised.

     My explanation will be based on self-written OS for raspberry pi 2 (ARMv7)

     Here is task struct, which stores context and trap frame:

     class task {private:public: uint32_t pid; pde_t *pgd; tstate state; uint32_t *kstack; context *ctx; trapframe *tf; task() {}; void init_vm(); int load_binary(char *binary_obj);};

     the context is a set of callee-saved registers, which represents state of the task before it was preempted by other task (context switch)

     struct context { uint32_t r4; uint32_t r5; uint32_t r6; uint32_t r7; uint32_t r8; uint32_t r9; uint32_t r10; uint32_t r11; uint32_t r12; uint32_t lr;};

     when the context switch in scheduler is occured, current task saves its registers to *ctx in class task, and new set of registers are loaded from next task:

     Note that R0 in below example is THIS pointer, because we call method of a particular object. So the arguments are R1 and R2

     void scheduler::swtch(struct context **oldctx, struct context *newctx){ /* r0-r3 are not preserved during call, no need to save them */ asm volatile("push {r4-r12, lr}"); /* save current kernel thread sp to oldctx */ asm volatile("str r13, [r1]"); /* Load newctx (new sp) to sp register */ asm volatile("mov r13, r2"); /* Load all other registers from new ctx, * refer struct context format for details */ asm volatile("pop {r4-r12, lr}");}

     Now about trapframe:

     struct trapframe { uint32_t sp_usr; // user mode sp uint32_t lr_usr; // user mode lr uint32_t sp_svc; uint32_t lr_svc; uint32_t spsr; uint32_t r[N_GEN_REGS]; uint32_t pc; // (lr on entry) instruction to resume execution};

     Trapframe stores register set which was saved during exception have arised, so using trapframe we can return back and proceed execution (when exception or irq will be handled)

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   • What is difference between process is waiting and process is sleeping?

     Top Answer

     Answered Oct 28, 2013 · 1 votes

     Sleep causes the process to give up the remaining of its time slice and stay in non-runnable state for the given duration Vs Wait: pauses execution until an event completes.

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2. www.geeksforgeeks.org › ncert-solutions-for-classNCERT Solutions for Class-10 Political Science Chapter-2 ...

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   20 hours ago · The main difference between a federal form of government and a unitary one lies in the distribution of powers between central and regional/local governments. In a federal system, powers are divided between the central government and regional/local governments, with each level having its own sphere of authority.

3. www.britannica.com › topic › Constitution-of-theConstitution of the United States of America | Definition ...

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   5 days ago · Constitution of the United States of America, the fundamental law of the U.S. federal system of government and a landmark document of the Western world. The oldest written national constitution in use, it defines the principal organs of government and their jurisdictions and the basic rights of citizens.

   • Author: The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica

4. People also ask

   What is the difference between federal and unitary government?

   • In a federal type of government, the focal government imparts its forces to the different constituent units of the nation. For instance, in India, power is split between the public authority at the Center and the different State governments. In a unitary type of government, all the force is practiced by just a single government.

   What is the main difference between a federal form of government and a

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   What is a unitary state?

   • A unitary state is a state represented as a solitary element in which the focal government is eventually preeminent. Unitary states remain conversely with alliances, otherwise called government states. In unitary states, the focal government may make (or annul) authoritative divisions (sub-public units).

   What is the main difference between a federal form of government and a

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   What does the constitution say about government?

   • Upholding… What is the US Constitution? The U.S. Constitution is the supreme law of the United States, establishing a framework for governance and delineating the structure, powers, and limitations of the federal government. It divides power among the legislative, executive, and…

   U.S. Constitution.net – The U.S. Constitution Online

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   How does federalism differ from confederalism?

   • Federalism varies from confederalism, in which the overall degree of government is subordinate to the local level, and from devolution inside a unitary state, in which the provincial degree of government is subordinate to the overall level.

   What is the main difference between a federal form of government and a

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5. www.coursehero.com › file › 233969247American Government Exam Review: Systems, Ideologies & Roles ...

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   1 day ago · Mr. Sherman American Government/Civics Lesson 2 Exam Review sheet According to Dr. Scott's video a Libertarian values… Freedom over equality and order Why did the authors of the Constitution create a federal system of government rather than a unitary system?

6. www.reddit.com › r › explainlikeimfiveeli5 whats the difference between a "socialist republic" a ...

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   federal republics are a type of republic with a two tiered government system, where their is a local or regional "state" government that deals with local issues, with the "federal" government sat above them dealing with issues affecting the whole nation. the USA is a federal republic: the majority of the laws and regulations are local, state ...

7. Videos

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     Federalism in the United States | US government and civics | Khan Academy

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     Federalism and Its Alternatives | American Government

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     Federalism in the Indian Constitution | FEDERAL, UNITARY, QUASI-FEDERAL Characteristics | UPSC 2023

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8. www.vedantu.com › question-answer › main-differenceWhat is the main difference between a federal form of ...

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   5 days ago · In a unitary type of government, all the force is practiced by just a single government. For instance, in Sri Lanka, the public government has all the forces. Note: Devolution inside a unitary state, similar to federalism, might be balanced, with all sub-public units having similar forces and status, or uneven, with sub-public units shifting in ...

9. www.britannica.com › topic › state-United-StatesU.S. state | History & Facts | Britannica

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   4 days ago · The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica This article was most recently revised and updated by Brian Duignan. U.S. state, first-order administrative unit of the United States, one of 50 constituent political entities (four of them called commonwealths) that share sovereignty with the federal government. Each state has a written constitution of ...

10. www.usconstitution.netU.S. Constitution.net – The U.S. Constitution Online

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    1 day ago · Understanding the Appointments Clause The Appointments Clause in Article II, Section 2 of the U.S. Constitution grants the President significant powers to affect the leadership of the federal government. It states, "[The President] shall nominate, and by and with the…