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- In 2018, a study identified 429 genes that differed between modern dogs and modern wolves. As the differences in these genes could also be found in ancient dog fossils, these were regarded as being the result of the initial domestication and not from recent breed formation.
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Most importantly, however, the precise genetic—and epigenetic—bases of the domestication syndrome require further elucidation. The critical genetic questions concern the specific genes whose mutant forms are involved in creating the DS.
- Adam S. Wilkins, Adam S. Wilkins, Richard W. Wrangham, Richard W. Wrangham, W. Tecumseh Fitch
- 10.1534/genetics.114.165423
- 2014
- Genetics. 2014 Jul; 197(3): 795-808.
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We first show how the hypothesis can account for the multiple, apparently unrelated traits of the syndrome and then explore its genetic dimensions and predictions, reviewing the available genetic evidence.
- Adam S. Wilkins, Adam S. Wilkins, Richard W. Wrangham, Richard W. Wrangham, W. Tecumseh Fitch
- 2014
- Introduction
- Animal Domestication Is A Multi-Stage Process
- Defining The Term “Domestication Syndrome”
- Tying The Domestication Syndrome to The Neural Crest
- On Testing The Ncds Hypothesis
- Summary and Conclusions
- Acknowledgments
Our 2014 hypothesis, published in GENETICS, aimed to elucidate a set of traits associated with mammalian domestication, a phenomenon termed the “domestication syndrome.” Our explanation focused on a special group of cells found in embryos, the neural crest cells (NCCs) and we proposed that genetic changes affecting their development were at the roo...
All traditional domesticated animals (such as dogs, cattle, sheep, goats, pigs, camels, horses, and chickens) began the process of domestication a long time ago, frequently millennia in the past (Francis 2015). Each of these species almost certainly experienced two semi-distinct stages in their domestication (Zeder 2015; Pendleton et al. 2018). The...
The term “domestication syndrome” has been applied for about four decades to a set of correlated changes in “domesticated” plants, namely crop plants. We use it to refer to a suite of changes in mammals and birds—but which probably occurs in vertebrates including fishes—that distinguish many different domesticated animals from their wild relatives....
The question that motivated our paper was: “why these traits in particular?” Our starting point was realizing that many of the tissues involved in the traits of the domestication syndrome derive from the neural crest. These NCC-derived tissues include major parts of the jaws and teeth, pigmentation cells, components of the external ears, and cells ...
We were pleased to see the following comment in Johnsson et al.: “An upside of the neural crest cell hypothesis of domestication is that it has increased the interest in development amongst domestication researchers” (Johnsson et al. 2021). If a hypothesis promotes research and new thinking, it has real worth, independent of its ultimate fate. Inde...
The scientific study of the animal domestication has a long history, beginning with Darwin’s opus on heredity published in 1868. In that same year, NCCs were first described by the distinguished German embryologist Wilhelm His (His 1868). Our 2014 article brought these two subjects together in the NCDS hypothesis. Here, we have addressed the critiq...
We are grateful to the editors of GENETICS for the opportunity to reply to Johnsson et al.and thank Rich Schneider, Nathalie Feiner, and two anonymous referees for helpful comments on an earlier draft of this article. We also thank Vladislav Nachev for doing the search for usage of the term “domestication syndrome.”
- Adam S Wilkins, Richard Wrangham, W Tecumseh Fitch
- 2021
These genes affect embryogenesis and can confer tameness, smaller jaws, floppy ears, and diminished craniofacial development, which distinguish domesticated dogs from wolves and are considered to reflect domestication syndrome. The study concluded that during early dog domestication, the initial selection was for behavior.
Jun 3, 2019 · Domestication is hypothesized to drive correlated responses in animal morphology, physiology and behaviour, a phenomenon known as the domestication syndrome. However, we currently lack...
- Christina Hansen Wheat, John L. Fitzpatrick, Björn Rogell, Hans Temrin
- 2019
the domestication syndrome results predominantly from mild neural crest cell deficits during embryonic development. Most of the modified traits, both morphological and physiological, can be readily explained as direct consequences of such deficiencies, while other
Jul 14, 2014 · Domestication syndrome: White patches, baby faces and tameness explained by mild neural crest deficits. Date: July 14, 2014. Source: Genetics Society of America. Summary: More than 140 years...
