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A vertical datum is a reference system used for specifying elevation of specific points on the Earth's surface. Vertical datums broadly come in two categories: Three-dimensional datums: those are defined by using a reference ellipsoid and six geocentric parameters expressing origin, and orientation. Unlike a horizontal datum, a three ...
The difference between GPS ellipsoid heights, , and leveled h orthometric heights, , is called geoid height, H. As seen in the figure, the geoid height is the verticN al distance from the ellipsoid to the geoid level surface. These heights obey a simple equation. h= H+ N.
The product refers to an altitude or an elevation (orthometric height). State the vertical datum name and year in that document. Example: "Vertical coordinate information is referenced to the North American Vertical Datum of 1988 (NAVD 88)."
NAVD 88 was established in 1991 by the minimum-constraint adjustment of geodetic leveling observations in Canada, the United States, and Mexico. It held fixed the height of the primary tide gauge benchmark , referenced to the International Great Lakes Datum of 1985 local mean sea level (MSL) height value, at Rimouski , Quebec , Canada .
NAD 83 and NAVD 88, although still the official horizontal and vertical datums of the National Spatial Reference System (NSRS), have been identified as having shortcomings that are best addressed through defining new horizontal and vertical datums. Specifically: NAD 83 is non-geocentric by about 2.2 meters. NAVD 88 is both biased (by about one ...
Nov 4, 2020 · In a few years the key datum of the last 30 years, the North American Vertical Datum of 1988 — the datum used by federal agencies such as the Federal Emergency Management Agency and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers — will be replaced by a new, satellite-based system. David B. Zilkoski, the former director of the National Geodetic Survey at ...
