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In rail transport, track gauge is the distance between the two rails of a railway track. All vehicles on a rail network must have wheelsets that are compatible with the track gauge. Since many different track gauges exist worldwide, gauge differences often present a barrier to wider operation on railway networks.
Track gauge or rail gauge (also known as track gage in North America) is the distance between the inner sides (gauge sides) of the heads of the two load bearing rails that make up a single railway line. Each country uses different gauges for different types of trains.
The earliest aspects of railroad infrastructure are, of course, the track and roadbed. Railroad track, as with railroading itself, has its roots in England where years coal mines had been using horses or mules to pull carts that used flanged wheels to operate on wooden or strap-iron rails (which was essentially a wooden rail with a piece of flat iron attached to the top).
Gauge conversion is the changing of one railway track gauge (the distance between the running rails) to another.
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4.25 Track Gauge Variation 4.2.6 Considerations for Determination of Appropriate Gauge 4.2.6.1 Gauge for Tangent Track 4.2.6.2 Gauge for Curved Track 4.2.7 Fiangeways 4.2.8 Guarded Curves and Restraining Rails 4.2.8.1 Curve Double Guarding 4.2.8.2 Restraining Rail Design 4.2.9 Gauge Determination Analysis
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A narrow-gauge railway (narrow-gauge railroad in the US) is a railway with a track gauge narrower than 1,435 mm (4 ft 8 + 1 ⁄ 2 in) standard gauge. Most narrow-gauge railways are between 600 mm (1 ft 11 + 5 ⁄ 8 in) and 1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in).
610 mm (2 ft) gauge; 99 ft (30 m) radius curves; Example Garratt. 1,000 mm (3 ft 3 + 3 ⁄ 8 in) metre gauge; 25 kg/m (50.40 lb/yd) rails; Main line radius - 175 m (574 ft) Siding radius - 84 m (276 ft) 0-4-0. GER Class 209; 1,435 mm (4 ft 8 + 1 ⁄ 2 in) standard gauge; Couplings. Not all couplers can handle very short radii.
