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Vulgar Latin
- The classification of Romance languages is rooted in their historical development from Vulgar Latin, the colloquial form of Latin used by the common people of the Roman Empire.
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Classification of Romance languages. The internal classification of the Romance languages is a complex and sometimes controversial topic which may not have one single answer. Several classifications have been proposed, based on different criteria. Attempts at classifying Romance languages.
The main subfamilies that have been proposed by Ethnologue within the various classification schemes for Romance languages are: Italo-Western, the largest group, which includes languages such as Galician, Catalan, Portuguese, Italian, Spanish, and French. Eastern Romance, which includes Romanian and closely related languages.
The Romance languages are a group of related languages all derived from Vulgar Latin within historical times and forming a subgroup of the Italic branch of the Indo-European language family. The major languages of the family include French , Italian , Spanish , Portuguese , and Romanian .
- How did the Romance languages get their name?Contrary to a popular belief that the Romance languages are so named because they are the languages of love, the word Romance indicates the connect...
- Why are the Romance languages gendered?Grammatical gender is used as a way to classify all nouns within a language. Latin originally had a five-case declensional system to classify nouns...
- How many Romance languages are there?What constitutes a language, as distinct from a dialect, is a vexing question, and opinion varies on just how many Romance languages are spoken tod...
Though it is quite clear which languages can be classified as Romance, on the basis primarily of lexical (vocabulary) and morphological (structural) similarities, the subgrouping of the languages within the family is less straightforward. Most classifications are, overtly or covertly, historico-geographic—so that Spanish and Portuguese are ...
Specific topics dealt with include: cultural dialects; problems of internal classification; subdivisions of Romance; phonetic reduction and stress type; the partitive; aoristic drift; historical and typological criteria; eastern and western Romània;types of vowel system.
The major Romance languages— French, Spanish, Portuguese, Italian, and Romanian —are national languages. French is probably the most internationally significant, but Spanish, the official language of 19 American countries and Spain and Equatorial Guinea, has the most speakers.
In short, the Romance languages and dialects constitute a treasure house of linguistic data of profound interest and importance not just for Romance linguists but also for non-Romance specialists.
