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- Federal judges are appointed under Article III of the Constitution by the President of the United States with the advice and consent of the Senate. They are appointed for life, during good behavior, and can only be removed through the impeachment process.
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Federal judges are appointed under Article III of the Constitution by the President of the United States with the advice and consent of the Senate. Learn how this nomination process works.
- A vacancy occurs: Federal court appointments are for life, so it is up to each judge to decide when to step down. Judges often give advance notice of up to one year before they plan to leave a federal district court or circuit court of appeals.
- The White House consults home state senators: If there is a vacancy on a federal court, the White House consults with the senators who represent the state in which the vacancy will occur, often referred to as the “home state senators.”
- The White House conducts a thorough vetting: Thorough vetting of a candidate’s background includes the following
- The Senate Judiciary Committee sends “blue slips” to home state senators: Once a nomination is made, the process moves to the Senate Judiciary Committee, which is made up of 18 senators.
president and members of Congress. Federal judges are appointed under Article III of the Constitution by the President of the United States with the advice and consent of the Senate. They are appointed for life, during good behavior, and can only be removed through the impeachment process. The process of appointing a federal judge can be ...
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- Barry J. McMillion
- Criteria for Selecting a Nominee
- Author Information
- Acknowledgments
Analyst in American National Government The appointment of a Supreme Court Justice is an event of major significance in American politics. Each appointment is of consequence because of the enormous judicial power the Supreme Court exercises as the highest appellate court in the federal judiciary. Appointments are usually infrequent, as a vacancy on...
While the precise criteria used in selecting a Supreme Court nominee vary from President to President, two general motivations appear to underlie the choices of almost every President. One is the desire to have the nomination serve the President’s political interests (in the partisan and electoral senses of the word “political,” as well as in the p...
Barry J. McMillion Analyst in American National Government
Denis Steven Rutkus, former Specialist on the Federal Judiciary, worked on a prior version of this report and Amber Wilhelm, Visual Information Specialist in the Office of Publishing, worked on the figures included in this report.
“. . . shall nominate, and by and with the advice and consent of the Senate shall appoint . . . judges of the Supreme Court . . .” Making judicial appointments is one of the most important jobs of the president because members of the judiciary hold their seats for life.
Aug 22, 2017 · Under the Constitution, the Federal Judiciary is a branch of government equal in power to the legislative (Congress) and executive (the president and cabinet) branches. The Federal Judiciary operates 94 district courts, each with a roster of judges who hear cases before a jury. The districts are organized into 12 regions (sometimes known as ...
Summary. In recent decades, the process for appointing judges to the U.S. circuit courts of appeals and the U.S. district courts has been of continuing Senate interest. The responsibility for making these appointments is shared by the President and the Senate.
