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- The nineteenth century witnessed an unprecedented degree of urbanization, an increase in urban population growth relative to population growth generally. One of the chief consequences of this growth was class segregation, as the bourgeoisie and upper classes were forced to inhabit the same confined space as workers.
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What is urbanization & why is it important?
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Why did urbanization occur in the second half of the nineteenth century?
How has urbanization changed the way cities are structured?
More than half of the world's population now live in urban areas — increasingly in highly dense cities. However, urban settings are a relatively new phenomenon in human history. This transition has transformed the way we live, work, travel, and build networks.
- The Earliest Cities. Early cities arose in a number of regions, and are thought to have developed for reasons of agricultural productivity and economic scale.
- Preindustrial Cities. Preindustrial cities had important political and economic functions and evolved to become well-defined political units.
- Industrial Cities. During the industrial era, cities grew rapidly and became centers of population growth and production. Discuss the problems urbanization created for newly formed cities.
- The Structure of Cities. Urban structure is the arrangement of land use, explained using different models. Analyze, using human ecology theory, the similarities and differences between the various urban structure models, such as grid model, sectoral model and concentric ring model, among others.
Urbanization can have both positive and negative impacts, including improved access to services and opportunities, as well as increased pollution and social inequality. Why does urbanisation happen? Urbanisation happens due to several factors, including:
This chapter explores urbanization, from the origin and development of the earliest cities to the modern challenges facing urban areas today. We’ll also explore patterns found within urban areas as well as the rise of the suburbs.
Learning Objectives. Describe the process of urbanization in the United States and the growth of urban populations worldwide. Understand the function of suburbs, exurbs, and concentric zones. Discuss urbanization from various sociological perspectives. Figure 20.8 The lights of New York City are an iconic image of city life.
Oct 13, 2022 · Urbanization occurred rapidly in the second half of the nineteenth century in the United States for a number of reasons. The new technologies of the time led to a massive leap in industrialization, requiring large numbers of workers.
Learning Objectives. Discuss the health problems that resulted when cities developed. Explain why urbanization grew in the United States during the nineteenth century. List the problems poor nations face as their cities grow even larger.
