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Mar 30, 2021 · 1. Definition of Language and Communication: Language is a medium of communication that helps us expressing and conveying our thoughts, feelings, and emotions of two individuals. Moreover, Language depends on verbal or non-verbal codes. In other words, Language is considered the prime tool of communication. Definition of Language and Communication
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- 2 Commentary
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Read this extract from an essay about the Liverpool accent and, if possible, find an example of the accent on the Internet to listen to. (i) How do you account for the negative attitude towards some urban and regional accents? (ii) How do you explain this statement by an exiled Liverpudlian: ‘When I’m back on Merseyside I quickly drop back into Sco...
Prejudice against some urban accents still exists in the UK, and there is no doubt that people’s job prospects improve in inverse proportion to the strength of their accents. Urban accents such as Scouse, Geordie and Brummie are markers of belonging which their users value. There seems to be an association with a kind of emotionally rooted tribal i...
In this video, a Malaysian English speaker checks whether her American friend can understand some short samples of the dialect that has come to be known as ‘Manglish’. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GyKBBdITXoo (i) Why is ‘Manglish’ usually seen as a dialect or a Creole variety of English rather than just an accent? (ii) What has influenced the de...
Consider the short extracts from an Indian news website in Fig. 1.2below. Which aspects of the language used show divergence from the ‘standard’ English which you would expect to find in a British newspaper article?
While ‘Manglish’, as a dialect, is widely understood right across Malaysia, there are aspects of it, both lexical and grammatical, which would not be easily comprehended by other speakers of English. It is, however, essentially a vernacular, spoken variety of English, not usually written down except in transcripts of spoken exchanges. It has develo...
Consider these short exchanges and explain the speakers’ choices of language in each case: Case 1 Two British males in their twenties: 1. “Hello, mate. How’ve you been?” 2. “Can’t complain. You? Still out of work?” Case 2 Two British teenage girls. 1. “Hey, Laura. Not speaking to me, then?” 2. “Course I am, silly! I just didn’t see you. We’re still...
In Case 1, we see immediately that the two speakers are known to each other, probably friends. ‘Mate’ is a very common mode of address between males, most often adults. The reduced reply and the single word question in the second speaker’s reply are a further sign of informality, as is the enquiry about the first speaker’s employment status. All th...
In the 2011 census in Northern Ireland, respondents were asked to tick a box to define their ethnicity. The options are listed in Table 1.4. What difficulty might someone of mixed race, e.g. with mixed-race parents and grandparents, have with this form?
This is typical of problems with forms designed by people of one culture to be filled in by people of many different ethnicities. It also illustrates the limitations of the language we have available to define ethnicity. Our mixed-race respondents may have three or four different ethnicities in their background and may be at a total loss as to how ...
Read this personal account of an experience dating back to the writer’s student days. Why was the writer in two minds about the experience? Also, why do some speakers of a foreign or second language aspire to native-speaker levels of proficiency?
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The triangle of meaning is a model of communication that indicates the relationship among a thought, symbol, and referent and highlights the indirect relationship between the symbol and referent (Richards & Ogden, 1923). As you can see in Figure 3.1 “Triangle of Meaning”, the thought is the concept or idea a person references.
Jul 18, 2023 · Explain how the triangle of meaning describes the symbolic nature of language. Distinguish between denotation and connotation. Discuss the function of the rules of language. Describe the process of language acquisition. The relationship between language and meaning is not a straightforward one.
Most chapters in this text help you determine how best to communicate information through considerations such as organizational structure, audience analysis, delivery, and the like. Language, on the other hand, is the means by which we communicate—a system of symbols we use to form messages.
Merriam Webster (2024) defines communication as “a process by which information is exchanged through a common system of symbols, signs, or behavior.” It involves the negotiation of meaning beyond words and mere sounds. Just like your friend communicated more than just one word when you read between the lines.
Dec 8, 2023 · This paper argues that research in intercultural communication should be taken into account when we want to define what language is, what its nature is like, and how it functions. Standard linguistic and pragmatic theories based on L1 analysis assume that language...
