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      • According to Spinoza, God is the natural world. Spinoza concludes that God is the substance comprising the universe; that God exists in itself, not outside of the universe; and that the universe exists as it does from necessity, not because of a divine theological reason or will.
      en.wikipedia.org › wiki › Ethics_(Spinoza_book)
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  2. Oct 6, 2021 · Spinoza’s God: Einstein believed in it, but what was it? The Enlightenment thinker was branded a heretic, but his philosophy overflows with subtle religious insights By Alex Dean

  3. Jun 29, 2001 · 1. Biography. 2. Ethics. 2.1 God or Nature. 2.2 The Human Being. 2.3 Knowledge. 2.4 Passion and Action. 2.5 Virtue and Happiness. 3. Theological-Political Treatise. 3.1 On Religion and Scripture. 3.2 The State. Bibliography. Spinozas Works. Recommended Secondary Literature in English. Academic Tools. Other Internet Resources. Related Entries. 1.

  4. Jan 29, 2024 · The main philosophy of Baruch Spinoza is that God and the world are the same thing, made up of the same substance. Humans can find greater happiness by using their reason and by not wasting time in religious activity which God does not hear. Spinoza also called for religious toleration. Was Spinoza an atheist?

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  5. Correct Attribution. About this rating. Throughout the course of his life, physicist Albert Einstein, the publisher of the theory of relativity, affirmed his belief in pantheism, a theological...

  6. Feb 3, 2009 · In the Short Treatise Spinoza develops ideas that will come to a full articulation later on in the Ethics, such as the idea that, strictly speaking, there are only two attributes through which we can properly come to have knowledge of GodThought and Extension.

  7. In the Ethics and the Theological-Political Treatise, his two major works, he advanced bold (and often entirely original) positions on theology, metaphysics, epistemology, ethics and political theory. He is also seen as a founder of modern biblical criticism.

  8. Like many European philosophers in the early modern period, Benedict de Spinoza (1632-1677) developed a moral philosophy that fused the insights of ancient theories of virtue with a modern conception of humans, their place in nature, and their relationship to God.

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