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The architecture of the 16th-century Polish mannerism is marked by common usage of richly embellished attics of palaces and houses, arcade courtyards and side towers. The church architecture combined the late gothic tradition with renaissance symmetry and mannerist decoration.
Architecture of this period is divided into three regional substyles: "Italian" – mostly in the southern part of Poland, with the most famous artist there being Santi Gucci, the "Dutch" – mostly in Pomerania, and the "Kalisz–Lublin style" (Polish: styl kalisko-lubelski) (or the "Lublin Renaissance") in central Poland – with most notable ...
In the 16th century the Commonwealth grew to 1 million km 2, with a population of 11 million. It prospered from its enormous grain, wood, salt, and cloth trade with Western Europe via the Baltic Sea ports of Gdańsk , Elbląg , Riga , Memel , and Königsberg .
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When did Mannerist architecture start in Poland?
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When did Baroque architecture become popular in Poland?
- Palazzo Te – Mantova, Italy. Palazzo Te or “Palazzo del Te” is one of the best examples of Mannerist architecture, and this makes it no surprise that it was designed by one of the most renowned Mannerist architects.
- Piazza del Campidoglio – Rome, Italy. The Piazza del Campidoglio is a famous square in Rome and was designed by one other than Michelangelo, one of the most famous Renaissance artists in history.
- Vleeshal – Haarlem, Netherlands. The Vleeshal in Haarlem is one of the best examples of Mannerist architecture in the northern part of Europe. The building in the Dutch city just west of Amsterdam was completed in 1603 and was used to sell meat from this year until well into the 19th century.
- Laurentian Library – Florence, Italy. The Laurentian Library is a historic building in Florence that adjoins the large Basilica of San Lorenzo, one of the many beautiful churches in the city.
Mannerist architecture and sculpture in Poland dominated between 1550 and 1650, when it was finally replaced with baroque. The style includes various mannerist traditions, which are closely related with ethnic and religious diversity of the country, as well as with its economic and political situation at that time.
The accounts of Polish architecture are just as tumultuous and complex as the political fate of this part of Europe. Poland’s borders moved on multiple occasions, the partitions and loss of independence, wartime destruction, and finally, European funds now stimulating the construction market – all of these factors contribute to the image of Polish architecture.
Dramatic and ornamental – but with a distinctly Sarmatian flair – the baroque became a prominent style in Polish culture between the early 17th and mid-18th century. Its roots lay in the traditions of the Polish nobility and its influence can still be found today, particularly in some of the country’s best-loved architecture.
