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In March 1971 regional commander Major General Ziaur Rahman declared the independence of East Pakistan as the new nation of Bangladesh on behalf of Mujib. Pakistan launched pre-emptive air strikes on 11 Indian airbases on 3 December 1971, leading to India's entry into the war on the side of Bangladeshi nationalist forces.
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Contents. hide. (Top) Pre-independence era. Parliamentary democracy. 1951 attempted coup d'état (coup) 1953 constitutional coup. The 1958 era: the first martial law. 1965 War. 1970 Pakistan election. Return of democracy. Nuclear deterrent development. Balochistan civil unrest. Third martial law period. References. External links.
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Why did Pakistan not reform its public administration system after independence?
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Jun 10, 2022 · Abstract. This chapter with a longitudinal study serves as the background for the recent public sector reform narrative of Pakistan by mapping the alternations in the structures from 1947—the year of independence of Pakistan—until 2018. Alongside mapping, reforms are analysed using the three reform paradigms (hierarchies, markets and ...
Mar 4, 2019 · 1940 - Muslim League endorses idea of separate state for India's Muslims. 1947 - Muslim state of East and West Pakistan created out of partition of India at the end of British rule. Hundreds of ...
Pakistan inherited its public administration system from British India. It was a system designed to rule the colony from across the world. Its objectives were to keep law and order and provide a safe haven for the rulers to fulfil their ends. After independence, Pakistan did not reform the system to meet its post-independence needs.
Aug 9, 2021 · Based on a critical evaluation of Pakistan’s development trajectory, I argue that a reliance on economic growth via liberal capitalism to address poverty has failed in Pakistan. Post-independence aspirations of decent livelihoods became disrupted by the development project, which evolved through Cold War politics.
Mrs. Gandhi, the Indian leader, reacted immediately. This led to the war between India and Pakistan in 1971. India assisted East Pakistan – or what, by this stage, was Bangladesh, in gaining independence. In this war, Pakistan army decided to surrender although it was positive to defeat India and punish East Pakistan for rebelling.
