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The nation of Austria-Hungary was geographically the second largest country in Europe after Russia. Its territories were appraised at 621,540 square kilometres (239,977 sq mi) in 1905. [ 72] After Russia and the German Empire, it was the third most populous country in Europe. The era witnessed significant economic development in the rural areas ...
Sep 21, 2021 · The capital city of the empire would most likely be Budapest and Vienna as joint capital cities as they were both the two historic capitals in 1914, and are still two of the most populous and significant cities in the region, and Europe.
- An Age of Reform
- Reaction
- 1848
- Failed Absolutism and Liberal Reform
- Hungary After 1867
- Austria After 1867
- Foreign Policy in The Final Decades
- Bibliography
The year 1789 found the Habsburg Monarchy in considerable political turmoil due to the imposition of a series of particularly radical reforms authored by Emperor Joseph II (r. 1780–1790) and enforced against the wishes of most interests represented in the regional diets. During the eighteenth century the Monarchy had experienced an inexorable progr...
The outbreak of the French Revolutionin 1789, its subsequent radicalization and military challenge to aristocratic Europe, forced the dynasty to reconsider the measures it had taken to weaken the powers of the nobility and church, two potentially conservative and stabilizing elements in Habsburg society. Threatened by the specter of revolutionary s...
In 1848, when a series of revolutions broke out across Europe, Pest, Vienna, and Prague were among the cities at the forefront of experiments with political reform. In Hungary, under the leadership of Lajos Kossuth (1802–1894), the diet rapidly proclaimed a new constitutional regime in April (the April Laws). This arrangement confirmed Hungary's ex...
The absolutist system of the 1850s did not, however, represent a return to the Metternich years. After a brief period of harsh retribution following the revolutionary denouement, the regime focused on promoting industrial development, economic modernization, educational reform, and political quiescence. The regime invested close to 20 percent of it...
In Hungary the new regime immediately orchestrated a compromise of its own with Croatia, the nagodba of 1868, which offered broad administrative autonomy and a smaller degree of legislative autonomy to Croatia within the Kingdom of Hungary. The governor or banof Croatia, however, was appointed from Budapest, and this arrangement eventually created ...
Politics in the Austrian or Cisleithanian half of the Monarchy too were dominated by questions of nationalism, but for the opposite reason as in Hungary. Austria was neither a national nor a nationalizing state. The Austrian constitution provided for full equality of language use in the schools and in the civil administration. These guarantees crea...
If anything, Austria-Hungary's foreign policy ambitions and not its domestic political situations suggested far more reasons for concern about its long-term ability to survive. In 1873 Austria-Hungary had joined in a conservative alliance with the Russian and German Empires, the so-called Three Emperors' League. The alliance with Germany outlasted ...
Berend, Iván T., and György Ránki. Economic Development in East Central Europe in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries. New York, 1974. Boyer, John W. Political Radicalism in Late Imperial Vienna: The Origins of the Christian Social Movement, 1848–1897.Chicago, 1981. ——. Culture and Political Crisis in Vienna: Christian Socialism in Power, 1897–1...
2 days ago · Budapest, city, capital of Hungary, and seat of Pest megye (county). The city is the political, administrative, industrial, and commercial centre of Hungary. The site has been continuously settled since prehistoric times and is now the home of about one-fifth of the country’s population. Area city, 203 square miles (525 square km).
- László Péter
Key People. Austria-Hungary, the Hapsburg empire from 1867 until its collapse in 1918. The result of a constitutional compromise (Ausgleich) between Emperor Franz Joseph and Hungary (then part of the empire), it consisted of diverse dynastic possessions and an internally autonomous kingdom of Hungary.
Dec 31, 2022 · Kremayr & Scheriau, Wien 1995, ISBN 3-218-00594-9, S. 92 f. Austria-Hungary, also known as the Austro-Hungarian Empire or Dual Monarchy, was a constitutional union of the Austrian Empire and the Kingdom of Hungary that existed from 1867 to 1918, when it collapsed as a result of its defeat in World War I.
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Austria-Hungary, 1867–1918 Ausgleich of 1867. The economic consequences of the defeat in the war of 1866 made it imperative that the constitutional reorganization of the Habsburg monarchy, under discussion since 1859, be brought to an early and successful conclusion. Personnel changes facilitated the solution of the Hungarian crisis.
