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A wheatstone bridge typically has 4 strain gauges (see diagram above), of which 2 are under compression (C) and 2 are under tension (T). A circuit is formed by joining the strain gauges together end to end to create a loop in this order. C1 ↔ e ↔ T1 ↔ f ↔ C2 ↔ g ↔ T2 ↔ h ↔ C1.
The Wheatstone bridge can be used in various ways to measure electrical resistance: For the determination of the absolute value of a resistance by comparison with a known resistance. For the determination of relative changes in resistance. The latter method is used with regard to strain gauge techniques.
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A single strain gauge is placed in a Wheatstone bridge (Figure 7). G1, R2, R3, and R4 all have a nominal resistance of 350 Ohms. The supply voltage into the circuit is 5 volts. When a load is applied the resistance of G1 changes by positive 0.07 ohms. Calculate the output voltage of the Wheatstone bridge and the measured strain.
The Figure shows a typical strain gauge diagram. A Wheatstone bridge is a divided bridge circuit used for the measurement of static or dynamic electrical resistance. The output voltage of the Wheatstone bridge is expressed in millivolts output per volt input. The Wheatstone circuit is also well suited for temperature compensation.
- 1 min
- Acronyms, formulas, and Variable Definitions
- Quarter-Bridge Type I
- Quarter-Bridge Type II
- Half-Bridge Type I
- Half-Bridge Type II
- Full-Bridge I
- Full-Bridge Type II
- Full-Bridge Type III
In the figures and equations in this document, the acronyms, formulas, and variables are defined as:
This section provides information for the quarter-bridge strain-gauge configuration type I. The quarter-bridge type I measures either axial or bending strain. 1. A single active strain-gauge element is mounted in the principle direction of axial or bending strain. 2. A passive quarter-bridge completion resistor (dummy resistor) is required in addit...
This section provides information for the quarter-bridge strain-gauge configuration type II. The quarter-bridge type II measures either axial or bending strain. A quarter-bridge type II has the following characteristics: 1. One active strain-gauge element and one passive, temperature-sensing quarter-bridge element (dummy gauge). The active element ...
This section provides information for the half-bridge strain-gauge configuration type I. The half-bridge type I measures either axial or bending strain. A half-bridge type I has the following characteristics: 1. Two active strain-gauge elements. One is mounted in the direction of axial strain, the other acts as a Poisson gauge and is mounted transv...
This section provides information for the half-bridge strain-gauge configuration type II. The half-bridge type II only measures bending strain. A half-bridge type II configuration has the following characteristics: 1. Two active strain-gauge elements. One is mounted in the direction of bending strain on one side of the strain specimen (top), the ot...
This section provides information for the full-bridge strain-gauge configuration type I. The full-bridge type I only measures bending strain. A full-bridge type I configuration has the following characteristics: 1. Four active strain-gauge elements. Two are mounted in the direction of bending strain on one side of the strain specimen (top), the oth...
This section provides information for the full-bridge type II strain-gauge configuration. The full-bridge type II only measures bending strain. A full-bridge type II configuration has the following characteristics: 1. Four active strain-gauge elements. Two are mounted in the direction of bending strain with one on one side of the strain specimen (t...
This section provides information for the full-bridge strain-gauge configuration type III. The full-bridge type III only measures axial strain. A full-bridge type III configuration has the following characteristics: 1. Four active strain-gauge elements. Two are mounted in the direction of axial strain with one on one side of the strain specimen (to...
Unlike the Wheatstone bridge shown in the last chapter using a null-balance detector and a human operator to maintain a state of balance, a strain gauge bridge circuit indicates measured strain by the degree of imbalance, and uses a precision voltmeter in the center of the bridge to provide an accurate measurement of that imbalance:
By EngineerExcel. A strain gauge is a device used to measure deformation in materials, based on the principle that a wire’s resistance increases with strain. Using this device, engineers can assess the mechanical behavior of materials and ensure the reliability and durability of components under different loads and conditions.
