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Sep 14, 2021 · Documents to download. Land law: frequently asked questions (England & Wales) (459 KB , PDF) The focus of land law is the use and supply of land. Land law impacts on many aspects of our day-to-day living. For example, land law determines who owns the land, how it may be used, and how others might gain access to the land.
The history of the United Kingdom began in the early eighteenth century with the Treaty of Union and Acts of Union. The core of the United Kingdom as a unified state came into being in 1707 with the political union of the kingdoms of England and Scotland, [1] into a new unitary state called Great Britain. [a] Of this new state of Great Britain ...
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How are land use in England and land use change statistical releases produced?
What is the difference between land use change and land use in England?
Does Scotland have its own land law?
What data does dluhc provide for land use in England?
- 1. Official Statistics Status
- 2. Data collection
- 3. Data quality
- 4. Definitions
- 5. Notes
- 6. Revisions policy
- 7. Other information
- 8. User engagement
The Land Use Change statistics are designated as National Statistics, whereas the Land Use in England statistics are official statistics.
Data are provided by Ordnance Survey (OS).
3.1 Things to note on this release 3.2 Assessment of data quality
In 2015, the UK Statistics Authority (UKSA) published a regulatory standard for the quality assurance of administrative data. To assess the quality of the data provided for this release, the department has followed that standard. The standard is supported with an Administrative Data Quality Assurance Toolkit which provides useful guidance on the practices that can be adopted to assure the quality of the data they utilise. The Land Use in England and Land Use Change statistical releases are produced by DLUHC based on data provided under contract by Ordnance Survey. Assessments of the level of risk for both releases based on the Quality Assurance Toolkit are below. The assessment was initially carried out for the Land Use Change statistics publication and then extended to include Land Use in England, which uses some of the same underlying data. Table 1: Quality Assurance of Administrative Data risk matrix The publication of Land Use statistics can be considered as medium profile, as there is mainstream media interest, with moderate economic and/or political sensitivity. The data quality concern is considered low, given that the data are obtained under contract from Ordnance Survey, who produce the data using some of their main mapping products. After receiving the datasets, departmental statisticians perform further detailed validation and checks, spotting, obtaining advice from Ordnance Survey and correcting any errors. Overall, the Land Use in England and Land Use Change statistics have both been assessed as A1: Low Risk. A full outline of the statistical production process and quality assurance carried out is provided in the flow chart in Figure 1. Figure 1: Quality assurance flow diagram for Land Use in England Note on Figure 1: the process for Land Use Change statistics is very similar to that shown for Land Use in England, but uses different data sources, as shown in Table 1, above.
3.3 Operational context and administrative data collection
For Land Use in England, the data provided under contract to the department by Ordnance Survey which is specifically created to deliver DLUHC’s Land Use and Land Use Change Statistics. The data is taken from Ordnance Survey’s land use layer, which is routinely updated using their administrative processes. In particular, it is derived from Ordnance Survey’s AddressBase Premium, OS MasterMap Sites Layer, OS MasterMap Topography Layer, and OS Open Greenspace products. Topographical changes are recorded by an image analysis (c.80,000 km of aerial imagery is captured per year), field surveying and data enhancement/ cartography of boundaries or descriptive terms. Major developments and landscape changes are monitored every six months. Rural areas, urban improvement and minor changes are monitored by aerial photography, with areas revisited for image capture on a three-year cycle. For the Land Use Change statistics: Residential address-use changes are captured by OS’s AddressBase product within six months of the change occurring at most, as local authorities routinely update an online land gazetteer from council tax, electoral registration and/or planning or building control records; and the hectarage data component is produced by calculating the year on year difference in land use snapshots for three consecutive years. Where more than one change in use has occured on a parcel of land the initial use and final use is recorded. The land use snapshot is derived from AddressBase product, Open Greenspace and the MasterMap Topography and Sites layers. Topographical changes are recorded by a four-step process of remote sensing, field surveying, aerial image capture (c.80,000 km aerial imagery per year) and data enhancement/cartography of boundaries or descriptive terms. Major developments and landscape changes are monitored every six months. Rural areas, urban improvement and minor changes are monitored by aerial photography, with areas revisited for image capture on a three-year cycle. After receiving the relevant datasets, the department aggregates the data to local authority and national level and performs analysis against boundary files of the Green Belt and areas of high flood risk. The department’s statisticians compare the aggregated data against previous and current data for comparable local authority areas and national trends.
3.4 Communication with data supply partners
Close working links are maintained between Departmental statisticians and the relevant technical team within Ordnance Survey, both in advance of the scheduled annual publication of the statistics and through the year as queries arise in response to ad hoc data queries received. Special importance is attached to any changes between years to the definition of land use categories and to any technical changes, such as improvements in the speed or accuracy of collecting data on changes in land use. This helps to establish whether ‘reverse engineering’ or similar steps are needed to try to disentangle real-world changes in land use from the effects of the technical changes in respect of changes in other years.
The definitions below have been provided by Ordnance Survey. They relate to the 28 land use groups and categories listed in Table A1, as below and as also included in the Land Use and Land Use Change statistical releases.
Table A1: Land use and land use change classification table
Developed land
Non-developed land
1.These land use statistics are estimates.
2.Land use is not a snapshot on a single day because the data are derived from a range of products, each having its own publication date. These dates are spread out over a number of weeks, but chosen to centre around April 2021.
3.Vacant land is identified by Ordnance Survey as unclassified land, bounded by hoardings etc., around the perimeter. It is also yet to be attributed to an address. It is not possible within the summary statistics presented here (such as in Tables P400 to P405) to define whether the vacant land is of a developed or non-developed land use type.
4.Residential land area is limited to the on the ground footprint.
5.Where an area is recorded as having a mixed use - e.g. flats (residential) above shops (commercial), the land is assigned to the ‘main’ use, often based on floor area or the number of addresses for each land use category.
6.The method used to overlay the land use data with other spatial data files has been improved since statistics were published previously, for 2018. Where two geometric areas intersect each other, only that part of a parcel of land that is included within both areas is included within the relevant breakdown. Previously, the whole area of any such parcel of land was included within the relevant breakdown.
The revisions policy has been developed in accordance with the UK Statistics Authority’s Code of Practice for Statistics. It is the revisions policy of the Department for Levelling Up, Housing and Communities (formerly Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government).
It defines two types of revision that the policy covers, as follow:
7.1 Uses of the data
Land Use in England data are used to monitor the amount of land falling within each of 28 land use categories. Land Use Change – residential address change data are used to monitor the location and density of new residential dwellings and the previous land use on which these dwellings were created. Land Use Change – hectarage data provide information on the amount of land changing use from previous use to its new use. These changes are recorded to and from the set of 28 land use categories.
7.2 Related statistics
The Department for Levelling Up, Housing and Communities is part of a cross-government working group, including devolved administrations and the Office of National Statistics, working to improve the trustworthiness quality and value of housing and planning statistics across the UK. This working group has published action plan to make the planned improvements on house building statistics clear and transparent to users. Details of this work and how you can provide feedback are available via the Government Statistical Service website Related statistics are detailed in Table 2. Further information can be found in the separate statistical release for each source. Table 2: Land Use in England and Land Use Change Statistics and related statistics
Users are encouraged to provide feedback on how these statistics are used and how well they meet user needs. Comments on any issues relating to this statistical release are welcomed and encouraged. Responses should be addressed to the “Public enquiries” contact given in the ‘Enquiries’ section below.
Please refer to the Department’s engagement strategy to see how we meet the needs of statistics users.
On 31 May 2019, the Department published a consultation paper on proposed changes to its land use change statistics.
Following the closing date for responses on 31 July 2019, the Department analysed the responses received and published its response on 16 July 2020.
In summary, the Department announced its intention to implement the main proposals to continue to publish statistics on land use annually, in addition to maintaining annual updates on the number of addresses changing from and to a residential use, but decreasing the frequency of publication of hectarage change estimates to three-yearly intervals.
In the light of further engagement with our data suppliers, Ordnance Survey, on data collection and methodology, the Department is considering whether it is better to publish statistics on land use every three years, rather than annually. The Department would welcome users’ views on this, and any other aspect of the statistics. Users can comment by emailing planning.statistics@levellingup.gov.uk.
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