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8,000 years ago
- Currently most archaeologists think wild ancestors of today’s domestic cattle, sheep and goats were first domesticated in the “ Fertile Crescent ” of the Middle East. Archaeological research shows herding began to appear in and spread from what is now Egypt around 8,000 years ago.
theconversation.com › ancient-dna-is-revealing-the-origins-of-livestock-herding-in-africa-114387Ancient DNA is revealing the origins of livestock herding in ...
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Is domestication an ongoing biological process?
Is domestication a co-evolutionary process?
Why did domesticated species become domesticates?
Where did domesticated plants and animals come from?
Oct 19, 2023 · Domesticated plants and animals spread across Europe, Africa, Asia, North America, and South America over the next 2,000 years. The domestication process began when people chose wild plants that would be useful for eating or making clothing, harvested their seeds, and deliberately planted them.
- Cattle
- Goats
- Sheep
- Dromedary Camels
- Pigs
- Donkeys
- Cats
- Dogs
- Chickens
- Guinea Fowl
Whether an independent domestication from now-extinct North African wild aurochs, Bos primigenius africanus, occurred in that region is as yet unresolved. Modern mitochondrial and Y-chromosome DNA do demonstrate independent domestications of indicine humped cattle in South Asia and of taurine straight-backed cattle in Southwest Asia (Loftus et al. ...
Many breeds of goats, Capra hircus, are recognized in Africa, all being descended from non-native members of the wild bezoar goat, Capra aegagrus. Domestic goats of the world display at least six distinct mtDNA lines (Luikart et al. 2001), possibly reflecting multiple domestication events. Among the most notable aspects of the distribution of these...
Sheep Ovis aries are most likely descended from varieties of the Asiatic mouflon Ovis orientalis (Bruford and Townsend 2006). Research on mtDNA has initially found two distinct and common haplogroups, named A and B (Hiendleder et al. 1998; Wood and Phua 1996), suggesting more than one domestication event. Subsequently, at least three more, less com...
The dromedary or one-humped camel, Camelus dromedarius, was likely domesticated from wild ancestors in the Arabian Peninsula, where no wild representatives survive today (Grigson 1983; Grigson et al. 1989). Its superior ability to forage in semi-deserts with far-flung water sources and to endure treks across true desert enabled Africans to exploit ...
Domestic pigs are present throughout the African continent, although their geographic distribution is intermittent in comparison to other livestock species, likely reflecting cultural and religious practices. The ancestral wild boar Sus scrofa has a Eurasian and North African distribution, and, not surprisingly, mtDNA reveals at least six domestica...
Molecular genetics has clarified a long debate over the maternal origins of the domestic donkey, Equus asinus. Subspecific forms of its ancestor, Equus africanus, were found across arid zones of Africa and the Arabian peninsula, and it was therefore moot whether donkeys were domesticated in Africa or the Near East, as well as whether Asiatic wild e...
Because of its ubiquity in later Dynastic Egyptian art and mortuary practices, the domestic cat Felis catus was long considered to have been domesticated in Egypt from F. silvestris libyca (e.g. Malek 1997). Linseele et al. (2007) reported on probable taming of a cat found buried in a Predynastic cemetery at Hierakonpolis, dated to c. 3700 BC, orig...
The dog Canis familiaris is the oldest and most phenotypically diverse domestic mammal, with earliest archaeological finds dating to the late Pleistocene, perhaps as early as 30,000 BP in Eurasia (e.g. Dayan 1994; Germonpré et al. 2009). Geneticists have debated how to interpret the great genetic diversity of dogs throughout the world, in terms of ...
The red jungle fowl, Gallus gallus, the wild ancestor of the domestic chicken, has five subspecies from India to southern China. Genetic analysis of modern populations is bringing forward new information on the pattern of chicken domestication, which previously tended to follow the domestication-as-invention model and presume the singularity of the...
The domestic guinea fowl, Numida meleagris, is an African domesticate that spread to other continents in historic times. They are used for meat and eggs, and serve as guards at farmsteads, when disturbances set off their loud calls. In the first millennium AD, Sahelian guinea fowl came to share settlements with chickens and in many regions were lar...
- Diane Gifford-Gonzalez, Olivier Hanotte
- 2011
This article examines the view of domestication as an ongoing biological process, a form of co-evolution, with selection continuing over each generation, as humans, plants, and animals interact with one another in ways that are mutually beneficial. Domesticates descend from species that could breed and thrive under human management.
Jun 19, 2021 · In this comprehensive approach, evolutionary process, mutualism, and human intentionality are mobilized to propose three pathways for animal domestication: the commensal pathway, the predation pathway, and the directed pathway. This model has provided a useful framework to explore the domestication process in archeology.
- Thomas Cucchi, Benjamin Arbuckle
- 2021
Jul 28, 2010 · domestication process operates at the level of an animal population engaged behaviorally with humans (O'Connor 1997). Those species that tolerated human proximity, prospered, and, most importantly, bred under human management became domesticates. Viewing domestication as an invention also produces a profound lack of curiosity
Apr 7, 2020 · Animal domestication was one of the most important transitions in human history 1, 2, beginning with the long-term association between hunter–gatherers and wolves more than 15,000 years ago 3.
