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Grimm's law (also known as the First Germanic Sound Shift) is a set of sound laws describing the Proto-Indo-European (PIE) stop consonants as they developed in Proto-Germanic in the first millennium BC, first discovered by Rasmus Rask but systematically put forward by Jacob Grimm.
In Proto-Germanic. Germanic a-mutation; Germanic subfamilies and languages. Germanic umlaut (all of the early languages except for Gothic) Great Vowel Shift (English) High German consonant shift; Ingvaeonic nasal spirant law (attested in Old English, Old Frisian and Old Saxon) West Germanic gemination; See also. Germanic languages
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Jan 20, 2020 · This law is also known as the Germanic Consonant Shift, First Consonant Shift, First Germanic Sound Shift, and Rask's Rule. The basic principle of Grimm's law was discovered in the early 19th century by Danish scholar Rasmus Rask.
- Richard Nordquist
One shift (probably a few centuries before the Christian era) affected the Indo-European consonants and is evident in English, Dutch, other Low German languages, and Old Norse.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
May 21, 2018 · GRIMM'S LAW. The first Germanic sound shift, a statement of the relationship between certain consonants in GERMANIC LANGUAGES and their originals in Indo-European (IE), first described in 1818 by the Danish philologist Rasmus Rask (1787–1832) and set out in detail in 1822 by the German philologist Jacob Grimm (1785–1863).
Grimm’s law stated that the Indo-European p, t, and k sounds changed into f, th or d, and h in the Germanic languages. Verner noticed that Grimm’s law was valid whenever the accent fell on the root syllable of the Sanskrit cognate, but, when the accent fell on another syllable, the Germanic equivalents became b, d, and g.
> early Proto-Germanic *māþḗr (t > /θ/ by the first Germanic consonant shift) > late Proto-Germanic *mōđēr (/θ/ > /ð/ by Verner's law) > West-Germanic * mōdar (/ð/ > d by West Germanic sound change) > Old High German muotar (d > t by the second Germanic consonant shift) Examples:
