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171. Rediscovering Ancient Greece in Shakespeare’s Plays. Reviewed by Earl Showerman THE OXFORDIAN Volume 20 2018 Shakespeare and Greece. Eds. Alison Findlay and Vassiliki Markidou. Bloomsbury, The Arden Shakespeare, 2017, 288 pages (hardcover $114, Kindle, $37.95). F.
- Historical Overview
- King Midas
- Gordium
- Religion
The fertile plain of the western side of Anatolia attracted settlers from an early period, at least the early Bronze Age, and then saw the formation of the Hittite state (1700-1200 BCE). The first Greek reference to Phrygia appears in the 5th-century BCEHistories of Herodotus (7.73). The Greeks applied the name to the Balkan immigrants who, sometim...
Perhaps the most famous figure from Phrygia's long history is Midas, the king who reputedly could turn anything he wished into gold. The familiar figure from Greek mythology may have been based on an actual late-8th century BCE ruler known in Old Phrygian inscriptions and Assyrian sources as 'Mita of Mushki' (r. 738 BCE - c. 696 BCE). According to ...
Although generally speaking Phrygia did not boast the large cities seen on the western coast of Anatolian such as Pergamon and Ephesus, there were one or two important urban areas, notably, of course, the capital of the kingdom Gordium. Also known as Gordion, the city was strategically located at the point where the main land route to the east coas...
The religion of Phrygia, like the culture in general of the region, was a mix of Greek, Anatolian, and Near Eastern elements. Inscriptions have revealed some details such as the predominance of Zeus, Apollo, the Anatolian god Men, a couple of deities referred to only as 'Holy and Just' in texts, and several mother goddesses. Cults were dedicated to...
- Mark Cartwright
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Oct 5, 2015 · The Phrygians spoke an Indo-European language, which undoubtedly came from a prehistoric group of populations where Greek and Thracian also originated. 8 Early on (in the Paleo-Phyrigian era), from around the 800s until the Macedonian conquest, they left numerous inscriptions. 9 Written in an alphabet related to Greek scripts, they cover a wide area (see Figure 1) defined by Parion, 10 ...
is an important inscription, W-11 (also written in the Greek script), which scholars often consider a third stage of the language, called Middle Phrygian (MPhr.). 3 Old Phrygian B-01, B-04 and B-08, Middle Phrygian W-11 New Phrygian 11.2 (18), 16.1 (116) and 43.1 (69). 4 The treatment of each form is detailed in Obrador-Cursach 2020.
- Bartomeu Obrador-Cursach
- 2019
The Phrygian epigraphical material is divided into two distinct subcorpora, Old Phrygian and New Phrygian. These attest different stages of the Phrygian language, are written with different alphabets and upon different materials, and have different geographical distributions. Old Phrygian is attested in 395 inscriptions in Anatolia and
- After the 5th century AD
The history of the Phrygian people following their establishment in Anatolia is drawn from the material evidence of Phrygian settlements and cult centers coupled with the written documentation of the Phrygians’ neighbors, the Assyrians to the east (see Radner, chapter 33 in this volume) and the Greeks to the west (see Harl, chapter 34, and ...
Early Phrygian Inscriptions from Gordion. Until the beginning of the 1950s, Gordion had only produced three Early Phrygian (YHSS 6 period) inscriptions (G-101 to G-103), found during the German excavations of the Körte brothers (1900), and one of these had been misidentified as Greek. Beginning in 1950, however, the American excavations ...
