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22 hours ago · The contemporary national legal systems are generally based on one of four basic systems: civil law, common law, customary law, religious law or combinations of these. However, the legal system of each country is shaped by its unique history and so incorporates individual variations. [1] The science that studies law at the level of legal ...
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22 hours ago · Ethics, also referred to as moral philosophy, is the study of moral phenomena. It is one of the main branches of philosophy and investigates the nature of morality and the principles that govern the moral evaluation of conduct, character traits, and institutions. It examines what obligations people have, what behavior is right and wrong, and ...
22 hours ago · It uses the same symbols but excludes some rules of inference. For example, according to the law of double negation elimination, if a sentence is not not true, then it is true. This means that follows from . This is a valid rule of inference in classical logic but it is invalid in intuitionistic logic.
22 hours ago · Economics. The tragedy of the commons is a metaphoric label for a concept that is widely discussed, and criticised, in economics, ecology and other sciences. According to the concept, should a number of people enjoy unfettered access to a finite, valuable resource such as a pasture, they will tend to over-use it, and may end up destroying its ...
- Article
- Garrett Hardin
- 13 December 1968
- Science
22 hours ago · An example of how modernist art can be both revolutionary and traditional is the music of the composer Arnold Schoenberg. On the one hand, Schoenberg rejected traditional tonal harmony, the hierarchical system of organizing works of music that had guided music-making for at least a century and a half. He believed he had discovered a wholly new ...
22 hours ago · "NYPD", an initialism for "New York Police Department", used on the side of a police car. An acronym, a type of abbreviation, is a word or name consisting of a phrase whose only pronounced elements are the initial letters or initial sounds of words inside that phrase.
22 hours ago · Intersectionality is a sociological analytical framework for understanding how groups' and individuals' social and political identities result in unique combinations of discrimination and privilege. Examples of these factors include gender, caste, sex, race, ethnicity, class, sexuality, religion, disability, height, age, weight [1] and physical ...
