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Phalangium. Linnaeus, 1758. Type species. Phalangium iberica. Schenkel, 1939. Synonyms. Cerastoma. Phalangium is a genus of harvestmen that occur mostly in the Old World. The best known species is Phalangium opilio, which is so common in many temperate regions that it is simply called "harvestman".
- Behavior, Diet, and Reproduction
- Endangered Status
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- Phylogeny and Systematics
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Many species of harvestmen are omnivorous, eating primarily small insects and all kinds of plant material and fungi; some are scavengers, feeding upon dead organisms, bird dung, and other fecal material. This broad range is quite unusual in arachnids, which are usually pure predators. Most hunting harvestmen ambush their prey, although active hunti...
Some troglobitic (cave dwelling) Opiliones are considered endangered if their home caves are in or near cities where pollution and development of the land can alter the cave habitat. Others species are threatened by the invasion of non-native fire ants. All troglobitic species (of all animal taxa) are considered to be at least threatened in Brazil....
An urban legend claims that the harvestman is the most venomousanimal in the world, but possesses fangs too short or a mouth too round and small to bite a human and therefore is not dangerous (Crawford 2005). (The same myth applies to the cellar spider, which is also called a daddy longlegs.) This is untrue on several counts. None of the known spec...
Harvestmen are a scientifically much neglected group. Description of new taxa has always been dependent on the activity of a few dedicated taxonomists. Carl Friedrich Roewer described about a third (2,260) of today's known species from the 1910s to the 1950s, and published the landmark systematic work Die Weberknechte der Erde (Harvestmen of the Wo...
Harvestmen are very old arachnids. Fossils from the Devonian, 400 million years ago, already show characteristics like tracheae and sexual organs, proving that the group has lived on land since that time. They are probably closely related to the scorpions, pseudoscorpions, and solifuges; these four orders form the clade Domopod. The Opiliones have ...
Crawford, R. 2005. Just plain weird stories: Daddy-longlegs. The Spider Myths Site.Burke Museum of Natural History and Culture. Retrieved December 7, 2008.Giribet, G., and A. B. Kury. 2007. Phylogeny and biogeography. In R. Pinto-da-Rocha, G. Machado, and G. Giribet (eds.), Harvestmen: The Biology of Opiliones. Harvard University Press. ISBN 0674023439.Hallan, J. 2005. Synopsis of the described opiliones of the world. Biology Catalog. Texas A & M University. Retrieved December 7, 2008.Opiliones Internet Discussion Group (OIDG). 2005. Answers to commons questions about harvestmen. Arachnology Home Page. Retrieved December 7, 2008.All links retrieved December 21, 2018. 1. Harvestman: Order OpilionesDiagnostic photographs and information on North American harvestmen 2. Harvestman: Order OpilionesDiagnostic photographs and information on European harvestmen 3. University of Aberdeen: The Rhynie Chert Harvestmen(fossils) 4. National Museum page Classification of OpilionesA syno...
- Arachnida
- Arthropoda
- Animalia
- Dromopoda
The crinoid Leptometra phalangium (Müller, 1841) forms dense beds (30 individuals m −2, 5.3 ± 3.2 individuals m −2) that cover vast extensions on continental shelfs and shelf edge environments (90–250 m depth) ( Fig. 6.5 C and D) ( Grinyó et al., 2018 ). Leptometra phalangium beds have been associated with elevated densities of ...
Study of the group's biology has also benefited from rapid accrual of genomic resources, particularly with respect to transcriptomes and functional genetic tools. The rapid emergence and utility of Phalangium opilio as a model for evolutionary developmental biology of arthropods serve as demonstrative evidence of a new area of study in ...
Description. Like other harvestmen, P. opilio have long, slender legs and a short, round body. Adult P. opilio have a body length of 3.5–9 mm (1 ⁄ 8 – 3 ⁄ 8 in). Males tend to have smaller bodies than females, but have noticeably larger pedipalps and chelicerae with prominent outgrowths (horns) on the dorsal side of the second segment.
- P. opilio
- Phalangium
Aug 4, 2021 · We assembled the first harvestman draft genome for the species Phalangium opilio, which bears elongate, prehensile appendages, made possible by numerous distal articles called tarsomeres. Here, we show that the genome of P. opilio exhibits a single Hox cluster and no evidence of WGD.
Phalangium opilio. (Arachnida: Opiliones, Phalangiidae) Harvestman, Daddy longlegs, Harvest spider. Of the many species of harvestmen known, P. opilio tends to be the most common in relatively disturbed habitats such as most crops in temperate regions. Like the spiders and most adult mites, harvestmen have two major body sections and eight legs ...
