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  1. The first national presidential election was held, and Manuel L. Quezon (1935–44) was elected to a six-year term, with no provision for re-election, as the second Philippine president and the first Commonwealth president. In 1940, however, the Constitution was amended to allow re-election but shortened the term to four years.

  2. 1972–87: Martial law and the Fourth Republic. President Ferdinand Marcos ruled by decree when he declared martial law on September 21, 1972. He inaugurated the "New Society" after a new constitution was ratified on January 17, 1973. He declared the Fourth Republic on January 17, 1981, after martial law was lifted.

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    • (Revolutionary government/The Philippines was still under Spanish rule) (1899-1901) President: Emilio F. Aguinaldo. (1897) Vice-President: Mariano C. Trias (elected VP during the Tejeros assembly)
    • (Japanese Occupation) (1943-1945) President: Jose P. Laurel. (1943-1945) Vice-Presidents: Benigno Aquino, Sr. and Ramon Avancena.
    • (1946-1948) President: Manuel L. Roxas (Died of a heart attack in 1948) (1946-1948) Vice-President: Elpidio R. Quirino. (1948-1953) President: Elpidio R. Quirino (Assumed the remaining term & re-elected)
    • (Martial Law, "The New Republic" & Parliamentary Government) (1972-1986) President: Ferdinand E. Marcos (unseated by the People Power Revolution)
  4. e. The president of the Philippines ( Filipino: Pangulo ng Pilipinas, sometimes referred to as Presidente ng Pilipinas) is the head of state, head of government and chief executive of the Philippines. The president leads the executive branch of the Philippine government and is the commander-in-chief of the Armed Forces of the Philippines .

    • Six years, non–renewable
    • 411,382/US$ 7,409 per month
    • Emilio Aguinaldo 1899–1901. One way to remember the first president of the Philippines First Republic is to look at the five peso coin. General Emilio Aguinaldo's face used to grace the five peso bill—not in use anymore—and the back of the bill shows him holding the Philippine flag at the celebration of the Philippine Independence Day.
    • Manuel L. Quezon, 1935–1944. After 34 years of Insular Government under American rule, Philippine voters elected Manuel Luis Quezon as the first president of the Commonwealth of the Philippines.
    • José P. Laurel, 1943–1945. José P. Laurel's presidency is controversial. He was officially the government's caretaker during the Japanese occupation of World War II.
    • Sergio Osmeña, 1944–1946. Sergio Osmeña was the second president of the Commonwealth. During his presidency, the Philippines joined the International Monetary Fund.
  5. Mar 27, 2019 · Presidents of the Philippines Since Independence from Spain. Term in Office. Emilio Aguinaldo. 1899-1901. Vacant due to U.S. Military Occupation. 1901-1935. Manuel L. Quezon. 1935-1944. José P. Laurel (as leader of a Puppet State during the Japanese Occupation)

  6. Rodrigo Duterte 's six-year tenure as the 16th President of the Philippines began on June 30, 2016, succeeding Benigno Aquino III. He was the first president from Mindanao, the first president to have worked in all three branches of government, and the oldest to be elected. [1] .

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