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1. Augustus: First Roman Emperor. Detail from the larger-than-life statue of Augustus of Prima Porta, early 1st century CE. Source: Musei Vaticani, Rome. Julius Caesar was the first Roman leader to (briefly) hold near-absolute power, but it was his adopted son, Octavian, who became the first Roman emperor, Augustus.
18 hours ago · Rome was annexed by Napoleon and was part of the First French Empire from 1798 to 1814. Modern history, the period from the 19th century to the present. Rome came under siege again after the Allied invasion of Italy and was bombed several times. It was declared an open city on 14 August 1943.
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3 days ago · The second section, ‘Sovereignty and Representation’ opens with another Spanish ruler, Juana of Austria, who served as a capable regent between 1554–9. This paper, by one of the editors, Anne J. Cruz, emphasizes the lineage of female rule in Early Modern Spain, from Isabel of Castile and her daughter Juana to Isabel of Portugal, wife of ...
1 day ago · List of Roman emperors. The Prima Porta statue of Augustus ( r. 27 BC – AD 14), the first Roman emperor. The Roman emperors were the rulers of the Roman Empire from the granting of the name and title Augustus to Octavian by the Roman Senate in 27 BC onward. [1] Augustus maintained a facade of Republican rule, rejecting monarchical titles but ...
3 days ago · The Amarna Letters. The Amarna Letters are a body of correspondence exchanged between the Pharaoh of Egypt, his client kingdoms, and the other Great Powers of the Near East. These letters are some of the earliest examples of diplomacy in human history. viii They were discovered in 1887 CE in El-Amarna, the former capital of the Pharaoh ...
1 day ago · Republic of Tatarstan. v. t. e. The Khazars [a] ( / ˈxɑːzɑːrz /) were a nomadic Turkic people that, in the late 6th-century CE, established a major commercial empire covering the southeastern section of modern European Russia, southern Ukraine, Crimea, and Kazakhstan. [10] They created what for its duration was the most powerful polity to ...
5 days ago · The Persian carpet reached its zenith during the reign of the Safavid Dynasty in the 16th century. Indeed the first concrete proofs of this craft date back to this period. Approximately 1500 examples are preserved in various museums and in private collections worldwide. During the reign of Shah Abbas (1587 - 1629), commerce and crafts prospered ...
