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  1. The large number of Austrian archdukes comes from two potential sources. The first is the various divisions of Austria between brothers and other relatives of the Habsburg family, and the second is the use of the title "Archduke" as an honorary title for any in the immediate line of succession. For the former the first notable division was ...

  2. Habsburg dynasty, or Hapsburg dynasty, Royal German family, one of the chief dynasties of Europe from the 15th to the 20th century. As dukes, archdukes, and emperors, the Habsburgs ruled Austria from 1282 until 1918. They also controlled Hungary and Bohemia (1526–1918) and ruled Spain and the Spanish empire for almost two centuries (1504–06 ...

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  4. An encyclopaedia of the Monarchy. Emperor Franz Joseph could scarcely believe it; his son was writing his own articles for the monumental work Die österreichisch-ungarische Monarchie in Wort und Bild (‘The Austro-Hungarian Monarchy in Words and Pictures’). We have Crown Prince Archduke Rudolf’s very own initiative to thank for the said ...

    • Main Line: Holy Roman Emperors, Archdukes of Austria
    • Habsburgs as Kings of Hungary
    • Habsburgs as Kings of Bohemia
    • Habsburgs as Queens Consort of France
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    Maximilian I, emperor 1493 - 1519
    Charles V, emperor 1519 - 1556

    The kingship of Kingdom of Hungary Hungaryremained in the Habsburg family for centuries; but as the kingship was not strictly inherited (Hungary was an elective monarchy till 1687) and was sometimes used as a training ground for young Habsburgs, the dates of rule do not always match those of the primary Habsburg possessions. Therefore, the kings of...

    The kingship of Bohemia was for centuries a position elected by its nobles. As a result, it was not an automatically inherited position. The king of Bohemia tended to be a Habsburg, but was not always. Hence, the kings of Bohemia and their ruling dates are listed separately.

    From the sixteenth through the eighteenth centuries, the greatest non-Habsburg power in Europe was usually France. As a result, in usually futile attempts to either unite Europe under the Habsburg family or to prevent French enmity, Habsburg daughters were wed to successive kings of France.

    Brewer-Ward, Daniel A. The House of Habsburg: A Genealogy of the Descendants of Empress Maria Theresia. Baltimore, MD: Genealogical Pub. Co. Clearfield, 1996. ISBN 0806346442
    Crankshaw, Edward. The Fall of the House of Habsburg. Penguin, 1983. ISBN 978-0140064599
    Evans, Robert J. W. The Making of the Habsburg Monarchy, 1550-1700: An Interpretation. Oxford, UK: Clarendon Press, 1979. ISBN 0198730853
    McGuigan, Dorothy Gies. The Habsburgs. Garden City, NJ: Doubleday, 1966. ASIN B0000CN86H

    All links retrieved July 24, 2017. 1. T.W. Schwarzer "Erzherzog Dr. Otto von Habsburg: Christ, Kaiser, Europäer" (Autorisierte Ehrenseite) in german 2. Stephen Herold Habsburg Biographies 3. Habsburg Surname Resource Center 4. Henry W. Steed The Hapsburg Monarchy - 1919 5. House of Habsburg 6. End of a royal dynasty as Otto von Habsburg is laid to ...

  5. Apr 24, 2023 · Monarchs of Austria between 1282 and 1918, as dukes, archdukes or emperors, or female equivalents. The Austrian branch gained many dominions both inside and outside of the Holy Roman Empire. Monarchs of Spain (Castile and Aragon) between 1516 and 1700. The Spanish branch was mostly separate from the Austrian branch, and would have a significant ...

  6. The history of the house of Habsburg for the century following the Congress of Vienna is inseparable from that of the Austrian Empire, a bastion of monarchical conservatism that the forces of nationalism—German, Italian, Hungarian, Slav, and Romanian—gradually eroded. The first territorial losses came in 1859, when Austria had to cede ...

  7. The War of the Austrian Succession is a wide-ranging conflict that encompasses the North American King George's War, two Silesian Wars, the War of Jenkins' Ear, and involves most of the crowned heads of Europe in deciding the question of whether Maria Theresa can succeed as archduke of Austria and, perhaps even more importantly, as Holy Roman ...

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