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Grodno. Grodno (Horodno) is a city in Belarus, formerly Poland-Lithuania. One of the oldest Jewish communities in the former grand duchy of *Lithuania (see *Poland-Lithuania ), the Grodno community received a charter from Grand Duke Wi-told in 1389. This indicates the existence of a synagogue and cemetery and shows that Jews owned real property ...
Grodno, seat of a Catholic bishopric, was once a major city within the Polish-Lithuanian Union, as evidenced by Farny, the beautiful Baroque Jesuit church that towers over Sovietskaya Square. Jews began settling here in the fourteenth century: they were permitted to live in the town by Grand Duke Witold in 1389.
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Since 1945, Grodno has been part of Belarus. Today, it has a diverse population, including Belarusians, Poles, and a small Jewish community. The city is known for its historical architecture, including the Old Grodno Castle, and is a center for Roman Catholicism and Polish culture in Belarus.
- +375-15
- 1127
- 137 m (449 ft)
- Belarus
Located in western Belarus, it lies on the Neman River. The region borders Minsk Region to the east, Brest Region to the south, Poland ( Podlaskie Voivodeship) to the west and Vitebsk Region and Lithuania ( Alytus and Vilnius counties) to the north. Grodno's existence is attested to from 1127.
- 25,118.07 km² (9,698.14 sq mi)
- BY-HR
- 323 m (1,060 ft)
- Belarus
During the period of the Catholic Counter-Reformation, Grodno was an important Catholic center, and impressive church edifices from that period still exist there. From 1655 to 1657 the Russians, who were at war with Poland, occupied Grodno; they were followed by the Swedes.
It passed to Lithuania in the 13th century, later to Poland, and then to Russia in 1795; it was under Poland from 1921 to 1939. Among relics of Hrodna’s past are the ruins of the castle (1580) of the Polish king Stephen Báthory and of an 18th-century castle.
from The Jewish Encyclopedia. GRODNO: Russian city; capital of the government of the same name; formerly one of the chief cities of Lithuania and, later, of Poland. It had a Jewish community about the middle of the fourteenth century, for in the “privilege” granted to the Jew of Grodno by the Grand Duke Vitold of Lithuania, dated Lutsk ...
