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After the Great Northern War (1700-1721), Poland is more or less absorbed into the Russian Empire. The country will suffer through three humiliating partitions in the latter half of the century. In 1793 the second partition of Poland sees Łódź come under Prussian control and renamed Lodsch.
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In 1892, the city was the arena of Poland’s first general strike and other similar events, sometimes even involving bloodshed. Additionally, Łódź was involved in the failed 19th-century Polish uprisings against Russian rule, which prompted a response in the form of the russification of the city.
1815 - Town becomes part of Russian client state Congress Poland per Congress of Vienna. 1820 - Antoni Czarkowski becomes mayor. 1824 - Lodka settlement developed.
Part of the Kingdom of Poland, the city was the most important manufacturing center in the Russian Empire and the first truly industrial city in the region. Developed under the managerial expertise of capitalists from Prussia, Lodz also served as a cultural and economic crossroads of central Europe.
Russian attitudes about their empire's presence and expansion in the Middle East continued to be defined by their longstanding ideological and religious views, though, as much as by commercial, geopolitical, and military considerations.
In 1861 serfdom, the system which tied the Russian peasants irrevocably to their landlords, was abolished at the Tsar’s imperial command. Four years later, slavery in the USA was similarly declared unlawful by presidential order.
The Great War was the great destroyer of European empires. The mighty Russian Empire, the conservative anchor of the East for centuries, was the first to collapse. Why? Observers over the past hundred years have offered a number of explanations.
