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BEIrUT, CAPITAL Of TrAdE ANd CULTUrE (1820–1918) 55 insurance, maritime transport and banking. But more important was the scramble of the two colonial powers for control over ports and means of communication (at that time, roads and railways). French investment in this sector was greater, estimated at 168.3
The French agent intervening in the development of Beirut evolved from it being a financial investor-through private companies sponsoring the silk industry and other trades-in the early nineteenth century, to a major concession holder of various public works in the mid- to late-nineteenth century after the silk trade with the Levant had ...
- Chantal El Hayek
- 2015
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In the course of the nineteenth century, the relationship between Beirut and Mount Lebanon underwent important changes that have affected Lebanon's political life up to the present day. The city and the countryside had always been to some extent mutually dependent.
- Leila Fawaz
- 1984
The changing balance of forces between Beirut and Damascus / 211. it was Beirut and not any of the other ports of the Syrian coast that benefited from the new trade with Europe was the result first of decisions made by the Egyptian occupation in the 1830s and subsequently by the Ottoman government after its reconquest of Syria in 1840 to make Beirut, rather than Acre or Sidon, the center of ...
- Leïla Fawaz
- 1990
64 BC – Beirut conquered by Agrippa. 14 BC – During the reign of Herod the Great, Berytus became a colonia. 551 CE – Earthquake. [1] 635 – Beirut passes into Arab control. [1] 759 – Prince Arslan bin al-Mundhir founds the Principality of Sin-el-Fil in Beirut. 1110 – Baldwin overtakes city, is absorbed into the Kingdom of Jerusalem.
In the early nineteenth century, Beirut was no more than a small sea village with its small population and dilapidated facilities. Beirut had golden opportunities to seize political and economic advantages on the eastern Mediterranean region in the course of the nineteenth century, although there were other competing cities which already had vested rights in the region.
Beirut (Arabic: بيروت, Bayrūt, Greek: Βηρυττός Viryttós, French: Beyrouth, Syriac: ܒܝܪܘܬ) is the capital and largest city of Lebanon. The first mention of the city is found in the ancient Egyptian Tell el Amarna letters, dating to the fifteenth century B.C.E., and the city has been continuously inhabited over the centuries ...
