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Sodium is a chemical element; it has symbol Na (from Neo-Latin natrium) and atomic number 11. It is a soft, silvery-white, highly reactive metal. Sodium is an alkali metal, being in group 1 of the periodic table. Its only stable isotope is 23 Na.
- Natrium (Disambiguation)
Natrium is the Latin name of sodium. Natrium may also refer...
- Abundance of Elements in Earth's Crust
Abundance (atom fraction) of the chemical elements in...
- Isotopes of Sodium
There are 20 isotopes of sodium (11 Na), ranging from 17 Na...
- Flame Test
A flame test is relatively quick test for the presence of...
- Standard Atomic Weight
Example: copper in terrestrial sources. Two isotopes are...
- Convenience Food
Convenience foods can include products such as candy;...
- Sodium chloride
Sodium chloride / ˌ s oʊ d i ə m ˈ k l ɔːr aɪ d /, [8]...
- Sodium in biology
Sodium and Water Balance. Sodium is the primary cation...
- Sodium compounds
Sodium is a reactive alkali metal and is much more stable in...
- Engelsk
Sodium hydroxide, also known as lye and caustic soda, [1][2]...
- Natrium (Disambiguation)
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Sodium. body-centered cubic (bcc) Sodium is a chemical element with an atomic number of 11. Its symbol is Na (from its Latin name natrium). It is an alkali metal. Although sodium has many isotopes, most decay in a short time. Because of this, all sodium in nature (mainly found in seawater) is of the isotope 11 Na 23.
Sodium chloride / ˌ s oʊ d i ə m ˈ k l ɔːr aɪ d /, [8] commonly known as edible salt, is an ionic compound with the chemical formula NaCl, representing a 1:1 ratio of sodium and chlorine ions. It is transparent or translucent, brittle, hygroscopic , and occurs as the mineral halite .
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- Sodium Distribution in Species
- Sodium and Water Balance
- Sodium at A Cellular Level
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Humans
The minimum physiological requirement for sodium is between 115 and 500 mg per day depending on sweating due to physical activity, and whether the person is adapted to the climate. Sodium chloride is the principal source of sodium in the diet, and is used as seasoning and preservative, such as for pickling and jerky; most of it comes from processed foods. The Adequate Intake for sodium is 1.2 to 1.5 g per day, but on average people in the United States consume 3.4 g per day, the minimum amoun...
Other animals
Since only some plants need sodium and those in small quantities, a completely plant-based diet will generally be very low in sodium.[citation needed] This requires some herbivores to obtain their sodium from salt licks and other mineral sources. The animal need for sodium is probably the reason for the highly conserved ability to taste the sodium ion as "salty." Receptors for the pure salty taste respond best to sodium; otherwise, the receptors respond only to a few other small monovalent ca...
Plants
In C4 plants, sodium is a micronutrient that aids in metabolism, specifically in regeneration of phosphoenolpyruvate (involved in the biosynthesis of various aromatic compounds, and in carbon fixation) and synthesis of chlorophyll. In others, it substitutes for potassium in several roles, such as maintaining turgor pressure and aiding in the opening and closing of stomata. Excess sodium in the soil limits the uptake of water due to decreased water potential, which may result in wilting; simil...
Sodium is the primary cation(positively charged ion) in extracellular fluids in animals and humans. These fluids, such as blood plasma and extracellular fluids in other tissues, bathe cells and carry out transport functions for nutrients and wastes. Sodium is also the principal cation in seawater, although the concentration there is about 3.8 times...
Sodium-potassium pump
The sodium-potassium pumpworks with the sodium and potassium leak channels to maintain the membrane potential between the cell and the extracellular space. Sodium moves down the concentration gradient from the cytosol into the extracellular matrix. Potassium moves down its concentration gradient from the extracellular matrix into the cytosol. In order to maintain the membrane potential, the sodium-potassium pump acts as a form of direct active transport where the hydrolysis of ATP to ADP and...
Sodium-glucose symporter
In the sodium-glucose symporter, sodium moves down its concentration gradient to move glucose up its concentration gradient. Sodium has a greater concentration outside of the cell, and binds to the symporter, which is in its outward facing conformation. Once sodium is bound, glucose can bind from the extracellular space, causing the symporter to switch into the occluded formation (closed) before opening to the inside of the cell and releasing the two sodium ions and the one glucose molecule....
Sodium's role in the Cystic Fibrosis Transport Regulator
The Cystic Fibrosis Transport Regulator (CFTR)works by binding two ATP to the A1 and A2, ATP-binding domain. This opens the CFTR channel and allows chloride ions to flow into the lungs and airway lumen. This influx of negatively charged chloride ions into the airway lumen causes sodium to move into the airway lumen to balance the negative charge. Water then moves in with the sodium to balance the osmotic pressure and ultimately leads to the thinning of mucus. In cases of Cystic Fibrosis, the...
Brooks/Cole publishers – Sodium Potassium pump[permanent dead link]Sodium is a reactive alkali metal and is much more stable in ionic compounds. It can also form intermetallic compounds and organosodium compounds. Sodium compounds are often soluble in water.
Sodium hydroxide, also known as lye and caustic soda, [1][2] is an inorganic compound with the formula NaOH. It is a white solid ionic compound consisting of sodium cations Na+ and hydroxide anions OH−.
Sodium (chemical symbol Na, atomic number 11) is a member of a group of chemical elements known as alkali metals. Silvery in color, it is soft, waxy, and lightweight. It is highly reactive, oxidizing rapidly in air and reacting violently with water to produce the alkali sodium hydroxide and hydrogen gas. Given its reactivity, sodium is not ...
