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Livia Orestilla, alternately Cornelia Orestilla or Orestina, was the second wife of the Roman emperor Caligula in AD 37 or 38. Biography. Background and name. Her name is given in ancient sources in several variants.
- Early Life and Family Background
- Marriages
- Family and Children
- Relationships and Affairs
- Controversies and Allegations
- Caligula's Death and Legacy
Caligula’s father, Germanicus, was a celebrated military leader and the nephew, adopted son, and heir of Emperor Tiberius. Caligula's mother, Agrippina, was the granddaughter of Emperor Augustus. At a young age, Caligula accompanied his father on military campaigns in the north of Germania, earning the nickname "Caligula" or "little boots" due to t...
First Marriage: Junia Claudilla
Caligula's first marriage was to Junia Claudilla, also known as Junia Claudius Silana. The marriage took place in AD 33 when Caligula was just 17 years old. Junia Claudilla was a member of a prominent Roman family, having relatives who held prestigious positions within the Roman Empire. The couple's union was an essential move for Caligula's politicalcareer. Sadly, Junia Claudilla died during childbirth in AD 34. The death of his first wife dealt a severe blow to Caligula, as his position wit...
Second Marriage: Livia Orestilla
Caligula's second marriage was to Livia Orestilla in AD 37, when he was the newly ascended emperor. Livia Orestilla was well-known for her beauty and charm. However, their marriage was not as smooth as one might expect. The emperor himself had forced the marriage despite Livia being betrothed to another man, Gaius Calpurnius Piso. Only a few days after the wedding, Caligula inexplicably divorced Livia and ordered her to return to her former fiancé. This sudden change of heart is thought to ha...
Third Marriage: Lollia Paulina
In 38 AD, Caligula married his third wife, Lollia Paulina. This union was also marked by controversy, as Lollia was already married to Memmius Regulus, a prominent Roman senator. Caligula compelled Lollia to divorce her husband and marry him, citing interest in her family's wealth and political connections. However, this marriagewas short-lived as well. Caligula divorced Lollia within a year and exiled her from Rome, supposedly due to barrenness or an alleged plot against the emperor.
Caligula had a relatively complex family tree, with multiple siblings and offspring. In this section, we will explore the members of his immediate family, focusing on his siblings and children.
Caligula was known for his sexual activities and strong libido, which often bordered on perversion according to historical accounts by Roman writers like Suetonius and Cassius Dio. These accounts mention incest, prostitution, and adultery among his various relationships and affairs. Some of the less extreme relationships and affairs of Caligula inv...
As we have already seen, Caligula's personal life has been a subject of many controversies and allegations, especially in regard to his marriage, family, and relationships. Some historians argue that his behavior during his reign was erratic and cruel, with accounts of him >engaging in violent and paranoid acts. His marriage to Caesonia is also sur...
Caligula, the third emperor of Rome, faced a tragic end on 24 January AD 41. The once powerful ruler was assassinated at the Palatine Games by Cassius Chaerea, a tribune of the Praetorian guard, along with Cornelius Sabinus and others. His wife Caesonia and their daughter were also put to death, and his uncle Claudiussucceeded him as emperor. While...
Livia Orestilla was the second wife of Caligula, the Roman emperor who ruled from 12 to 41 CE. She was divorced by Caligula around 32 CE and is mentioned in a biographical encyclopedia of women in world history.
historical attempt to integrate Livia's portraiture into the broad framework of Julio-Claudian history" and "the first modem classical scholarship to bring together all the known portraits of Livia" (p. xxiii), she paradoxically ignores numerous recent books and articles in which Livia is also a main protagonist. The most significant omission is
Second wife of Emperor Caligula (q.v.), who married her after forcing her to annul her marrige to Gaius Calpurnius Piso. Caligula married her and divorced her the next day, prohibiting her from having a relationship with Piso. Livia Orestilla and Piso were eventually banished for adultery.
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Mar 8, 2018 · Livia Orestilla was a Roman empress who married Caligula, the third emperor of the Julio-Claudian dynasty. She is also known as Cornelia Orestilla and Lollia Paulina in some sources. See biographies, publications and degrees of separation from her.
The name of the bride is given variously as Livia Orestilla or Cornelia Orestina. The distinction between Orestilla and Orestina is unimportant, since Suetonius frequently gives us the diminutive form, by which the individual was probably known within the family, whereas Tacitus or Dio preserve the formal version (14).
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