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  2. The adjective free in English is commonly used in one of two meanings: "at no monetary cost" ( gratis) or "with little or no restriction" ( libre ). This ambiguity can cause issues where the distinction is important, as it often is in dealing with laws concerning the use of information, such as copyright and patents .

  3. In English, the word free has two meanings, which are very different from each other: Free can mean, that there is no cost associated with it, that something does not cost any money. Free can also mean, that something is related to freedom. Richard Stallman summarised the difference in a slogan: "Think free as in free speech, not free beer." [1]

  4. en.wikipedia.org › wiki › Open_accessOpen access - Wikipedia

    Similar to the free content definition, the terms 'gratis' and 'libre' were used in the Budapest Open Access Initiative definition to distinguish between free to read versus free to reuse. Gratis open access refers to free online access, to read, free of charge, without re-use rights.

  5. Libre means "with little or no restriction," whereas Gratis means “at no monetary cost." There’s a subtle but important difference. You can use this analogy to understand the meaning of Free and Open Source software (FOSS). Per Wikipedia:

  6. For now, my choice is to use “gratis” and “libre”. They are accurate, neutral, and descriptive. In the neighboring domain of free and open source software, they exactly express the distinction I have in mind. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gratis_versus_Libre. The terms may be unfamiliar in the domain of OA or scholarly communication.

  7. Gratis OA is that freedom to read, and Libre OA is the full freedom to read and reuse. The full freedom, as defined in the Budapest Open Access Initiative (BOIA) includes:

  8. The Oxford English Dictionary (OED) considers libre to be obsolete, [2] but the word has come back into limited [3] use. Unlike gratis, libre appears in few English dictionaries, [3] although there is no other English single-word adjective signifying "liberty" exclusively, without also meaning "at no monetary cost". "Free beer" vs "free speech ...

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