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A synedrion or synhedrion ( Greek: συνέδριον, "sitting together", hence "assembly" or "council"; Hebrew: סנהדרין, sanhedrin) is an assembly that holds formal sessions. The Latinized form is synedrium . Depending on the widely varied constitutions, it applied to diverse representative or judiciary organs of Greek and Hellenistic ...
The first historic mention of a Synedrion (Greek: Συνέδριον) occurs in the Psalms of Solomon (17:49), a Jewish religious book translated into Greek. The Hasmonean court in Judea, presided over by Alexander Jannaeus, until 76 BCE, followed by his wife, Queen Salome Alexandra, was called Synhedrion or Sanhedrin.
In 57–55 BCE, Aulus Gabinius, proconsul of Syria, split the former Hasmonean Kingdom into Galilee, Samaria, and Judea, with five districts of legal and religious councils known as sanhedrin (Greek: συνέδριον, "synedrion"): "And when he had ordained five councils (συνέδρια), he distributed the nation into the same number of parts.
May 1, 2024 · sanhedrin, any of several official Jewish councils in Palestine under Roman rule, to which various political, religious, and judicial functions have been attributed.. Taken from the Greek word for council (synedrion), the term was apparently applied to various bodies but became especially the designation for the supreme Jewish legislative and judicial court—the Great Sanhedrin, or simply the ...
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
The Sanhedrin: The Jewish Court System. “Appoint judges and enforcement officers in all your gates.”—. Deuteronomy 16:18. The Torah enjoins us to appoint judges, as well as officers who enforce their rulings. In ancient times, there was a central court, made up of 71 members, known as the Sanhedrin. In addition, there were lesser courts ...
SYNEDRION IN GREEK JEWISH LITERATURE AND PHILO PROFESSOR Zeitlin, with his usual thoroughness and attention to origi-nal sources, has raised and discussed the question as to the use of the term synedrion in the sense of a court of justice prior to the Jabneh period (JQR, 36, 1945, pp. 109-140). But, as it sometimes happens in inves-
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Josephus designates the council established by Gabinius, the Roman Governor of Syria (B.C. 57-54), in each of the five districts of Palestine as synedrion, but this intentional degradation of the Synedrion at Jerusalem points to the introduction of the term at an earlier period, and in fact it occurs in the Greek translation of the Old ...
