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Nov 30, 2023 · As the fervor of the pandemic recedes in the distance, staying current on your COVID vaccine is still important. But how many boosters are available? We've tracked the available vaccines to determine where you should be on your vaccine journey.
Mar 16, 2023 · You’re considered up-to-date with COVID vaccines if you have finished your primary COVID vaccine series and you’ve had the most recent booster dose as recommended by the CDC.
Jan 5, 2022 · The agency said that three doses of Pfizer-BioNTech or Moderna’s vaccines should be considered “up-to-date” inoculations, and that Johnson & Johnson recipients should receive a second dose,...
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Table 1
From interviews conducted during November–December 2022, approximately 20% of adolescents aged 12–17 years and approximately 30% of adults who had completed a primary COVID-19 vaccination series had received a bivalent booster dose since it was recommended on September 1, 2022. However, a large percentage of adults and parents of adolescents reported intent to receive booster vaccination for themselves or their children, indicating that booster vaccination coverage could substantially increase with appropriate interventions tailored to these reachable populations.
Reduction in disparities in completion of primary COVID-19 vaccination by race and ethnicity likely contributed to a reduction in the disparities in COVID-19 age-adjusted mortality rates that were observed early in the pandemic (7). However, bivalent booster coverage was lower among Black and Hispanic adolescents and adults compared with White adolescents and adults. Tailored and community-led interventions that helped reduce racial and ethnic inequities in primary COVID-19 vaccination could help address reported racial and ethnic differences in barriers to and attitudes toward booster vaccination. These strategies include creating and training a network of local community-trusted messengers to address misinformation and promote accurate, culturally appropriate vaccine messaging; providing vaccination in additional settings such as churches, barbershops, mass vaccination sites, or community sites; and working with culturally competent health care providers to provide a recommendation for bivalent booster vaccination.††††,§§§§
Although bivalent booster vaccination coverage among adults differed by factors such as income, health insurance status, and SVI, these factors were not associated with differences in reluctance to seek booster vaccination. This finding suggests the presence of unmeasured structural or access barriers to vaccination, even though only a small percentage of adults who had not received a booster since September 1, 2022, reported difficulties associated with cost of getting a booster vaccine or getting to a vaccination site. Patterns among adolescents were similar, with those who were uninsured and living in high SVI areas having lower booster vaccination coverage, but similar parental reluctance to vaccinate their children compared with those with higher incomes and living in less vulnerable areas. Specific barriers to booster vaccination, such as financial barriers, were not assessed in parents of adolescents.
Findings from this study suggest that provider recommendation for a COVID-19 booster dose has a positive impact on receipt of bivalent booster vaccination. However, among adults who were open to vaccination or adolescents with parents open to vaccination, more than one half of adults and one in three parents of adolescents did not receive a provider recommendation. Those who were unsure about booster vaccination for themselves or their children, and thus also potentially reachable to be vaccinated, were even less likely to have received a provider recommendation. Safety concerns about vaccination were also prevalent among those open to or unsure about booster vaccination. Provider recommendations to all patients that include culturally appropriate communication about the benefits and safety of booster vaccination and dissemination of information about the safety of vaccine by other trusted messengers could improve COVID-19 vaccination coverage (8).
The findings in this report are subject to at least four limitations. First, response rates of the NIS-CCM and NIS-ACM were low (18% and 23%, respectively). Although survey weights were calibrated to COVID-19 vaccine administration data to mitigate possible bias from incomplete sampling frame, nonresponse, and misclassification of vaccination status, bias in estimates might remain after weighting. Second, COVID-19 vaccination was self-reported and might be subject to recall or social desirability bias. Third, respondents were not specifically asked about bivalent boosters, and all boosters received after September 1, 2022, were assumed to be bivalent boosters, which might have overestimated bivalent booster coverage if some persons had received a monovalent booster after September 1, 2022. Finally, the survey sampled noninstitutionalized U.S. adults via mobile telephone; therefore, adults who were incarcerated or nursing home residents might not be represented in the sample.
A large proportion of persons who have completed a primary COVID-19 vaccination series have not received the bivalent booster but are open to vaccination or have parents who are open to getting a booster vaccination for their child. Ongoing monitoring of intent to receive a booster vaccination (or to have one’s child vaccinated with the booster vaccine), barriers to vaccination, and differences in bivalent booster vaccination coverage by demographic factors will be helpful for improving and expanding tailored strategies to improve vaccination coverage. To improve coverage, communities should partner with medical providers, schools, and community organizations to administer bivalent booster vaccination onsite or provide a referral for vaccination, reduce barriers to receipt of vaccination, employ trusted messengers to discuss vaccine safety and effectiveness with adults or parents and guardians of adolescents, and emphasize the importance of staying up to date with their COVID-19 vaccination (9,10).
1.Thompson MG, Natarajan K, Irving SA, et al. Effectiveness of a third dose of mRNA vaccines against COVID-19–associated emergency department and urgent care encounters and hospitalizations among adults during periods of Delta and Omicron variant predominance—VISION Network, 10 states, August 2021–January 2022. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2022;71:139–45. https://doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm7104e3 PMID:35085224
2.Hause AM, Marquez P, Zhang B, et al. Safety monitoring of bivalent COVID-19 mRNA vaccine booster doses among persons aged ≥12 years—United States, August 31–October 23, 2022. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2022;71:1401–06. https://doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm7144a3 PMID:36327162
3.CDC. CDC recommends the first updated COVID-19 booster. Atlanta, GA: US Department of Health and Human Services, CDC; 2022. Accessed November 21, 2022. https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2022/s0901-covid-19-booster.html
4.CDC. National Immunization Surveys. Atlanta, GA: US Department of Health and Human Services, CDC; 2022. Accessed November 28, 2022. https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/imz-managers/nis/about.html#current-surveys
5.Mbaeyi S, Oliver SE, Collins JP, et al. The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices’ interim recommendations for additional primary and booster doses of COVID-19 vaccines—United States, 2021. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2021;70:1545–52. https://doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm7044e2 PMID:34735422
6.Brewer NT, Chapman GB, Rothman AJ, Leask J, Kempe A. Increasing vaccination: putting psychological science into action. Psychol Sci Public Interest 2017;18:149–207. https://doi.org/10.1177/1529100618760521 PMID:29611455
Sep 2, 2022 · The CDC action means the Pfizer booster is now OK’d for those 12 and older; Moderna’s shot is for those 18 and older.
Sep 23, 2021 · Advisers to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention have recommended a third dose of Pfizer's COVID-19 vaccine for people 65 and older as well as others at a high risk of severe illness.
Nov 19, 2021 · About 18 million seniors have received a booster dose of Covid-19 vaccine, according to CDC data, accounting for more than half of all booster doses administered and increasing the immune...
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