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Eugénie de Montijo (French: [øʒeni də mɔ̃tiʁo]; née María Eugenia Ignacia Agustina de Palafox y Kirkpatrick; 5 May 1826 - 11 July 1920) was Empress of the French from her marriage to Napoleon III on 30 January 1853 until he was overthrown on 4 September 1870. From 28 July to 4 September 1870, she was the de facto head of state of France.
Eugénie (born May 5, 1826, Granada, Spain—died July 11, 1920, Madrid) was the wife of Napoleon III and empress of France (1853–70), who came to have an important influence on her husband’s foreign policy. Eugénie, detail of a portrait by Franz Xaver Winterhalter; in the Collection de Mouchy, Paris.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
The Franco-Prussian conflict broke out, and Napoleon III and their son rushed to the front lines to secure the empire, leaving Eugenie back at home. But this was not a woman to wait around. Instead of moping, Eugenie made herself Regent in her husband’s place—and one of her first acts was brutal.
Empress of the French and wife of Napoleon III who, by her elegance and charm, contributed largely to the brilliancy of the imperial regime and showed calmness and courage in the face of the rising tide of revolution.
Eugénie de Montijo (1826-1920) was the youngest daughter of the Count of Teba and niece of the Count of Montijo, whose name her father obtained and by which she is improperly known today. After her marriage to Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte, she became Empress of the French until 1873.
Winterhalter began an official portrait of Empress Eugénie (Eugénie de Montijo, Condesa de Teba, 1826-1920) shortly after her marriage in 1853 to Napoleon III, emperor of France, but it was not exhibited until 1855. The present work is, in contrast, relatively intimate in scale and effect.
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Titled The Empress Eugénie Surrounded by her Ladies-in-Waiting by artist Franz Xaver Winterhalter, the 1855 portrait depicts the French Empress Eugenie, wife of Napoléon III surrounded by her imperial attendants. As a group, they create a mirage of beauty that seems as ethereal as cotton candy.
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