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A parliamentary system, or parliamentary democracy, is a system of democratic government where the head of government (who may also be the head of state) derives their democratic legitimacy from their ability to command the support ("confidence") of the legislature, typically a parliament, to which they are accountable.
The parliamentary system can be contrasted with a presidential system, such as the American congressional system, which operates under a stricter separation of powers, whereby the executive does not form part of, nor is it appointed by, the parliamentary or legislative body.
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The United States Congress is the legislature of the federal government of the United States. It is bicameral, composed of a lower body, the House of Representatives, and an upper body, the Senate.
parliamentary system, democratic form of government in which the party (or a coalition of parties) with the greatest representation in the parliament (legislature) forms the government, its leader becoming prime minister or chancellor.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
May 20, 2024 · Exploring the three branches of the U.K. Parliament—the House of Commons, the House of Lords, and the monarch—and how a bill becomes law. (more) See all videos for this article. Hear about the roles and the voting process of the members of Parliament of the United Kingdom.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
In a parliamentary system, there is a very close relationship between the legislative and executive branches, as the head of the executive, often called the prime minister, is also a leader in the legislative branch. In a presidential system, there is a much stronger separation of powers between the legislative and the executive.
A parliamentary system of government means that the executive branch of government has the direct or indirect support of the parliament. Parliamentary systems often work where the head of government is the leader of the political party with the most members in the parliament. This support is usually shown by a vote of confidence.
