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No xylem or phloem
- Mosses and leafy liverworts have structures called phyllids that resemble leaves, but only consist of single sheets of cells with no internal air spaces, no cuticle or stomata, and no xylem or phloem.
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Non-vascular plants do not have a wide variety of specialized tissue types. Mosses and leafy liverworts have structures called phyllids that resemble leaves, but only consist of single sheets of cells with no internal air spaces, no cuticle or stomata, and no xylem or phloem.
As mentioned above, mosses do not have true roots, stems, or leaves with specialized vascular tissues like xylem and phloem. Instead, they have simple structures that serve similar functions, but without the same level of complexity.
Jul 11, 2023 · Non-vascular plants, such as mosses and liverworts, lack xylem and phloem and rely on diffusion and osmosis for the distribution of nutrients. Vascular plants, including trees, flowering plants, and ferns, use xylem and phloem to efficiently transport nutrients, even against gravity.
Phloem is vascular tissue that transports food (sugar dissolved in water) from photosynthetic cells to other parts of the plant for growth or storage. This type of tissue consists of living cells that are separated by end walls with tiny perforations, or holes. Xylem and phloem are the two types of vascular tissues in vascular plants.
- Phloem
- Xylem
- Xylem and Phloem in Leaves
- Xylem and Phloem in Stems
- Xylem and Phloem in Roots
The phloem carries important sugars, organic compounds, and minerals around a plant. Sap within the phloem simply travels by diffusion between cellsand works its way from leaves down to the roots with help from gravity. The phloem is made from cells called ‘sieve-tube members’ and ‘companion cells’.
The xylem is responsible for keeping a plant hydrated. Xylem sap travels upwards and has to overcome serious gravitational forces to deliver water to a plant’s upper extremities, especially in tall trees. Two different types of cells are known to form the xylem in different plant groups: tracheids and vessel elements. Tracheids are found in most gy...
Photosynthesis in leaves requires a lot of water from the xylem and produces a lot of sugar for the phloem. The xylem and phloem enter a plant’s leaves via their petiole – a short stalk that connects a leaf to a branch. With the exception of lycophytes, veins divide multiple times in a leaf which creates a good spread of veins and makes it easier t...
Xylem and phloem travel entire length of stems in discrete threads called ‘vascular bundles’. In eudicots, vascular bundles are arranged in a ring within the stem. Each vascular bundle is orientated with the xylem on the interior and the phloem on the outside of the xylem. In monocots, the vascular bundles are scattered throughout the stem rather t...
The xylem and phloem are grown within the central section of a root called a ‘stele’. In eudicots, the xylem usually forms a cross of cells within the stele which runs the length of the root. Four independent phloem strands grow between each bar of the xylem cross. In monocots, the center of the stele is composed of pith. The phloem and xylem form ...
A single unbranched vein —a bundle of vascular tissue made of xylem and phloem—runs through the center of the leaf. Microphylls may have originated from the flattening of lateral branches, or from sporangia that lost their reproductive capabilities. Microphylls are seen in club mosses.
Mosses are a phylum of non-vascular plants. They produce spores for reproduction instead of seeds and don't grow flowers, wood or true roots.
