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Shajar al-Durr (Arabic: شجر الدر, lit. 'Tree of Pearls'), also Shajarat al-Durr (شجرة الدر), whose royal name was al-Malika ʿAṣmat ad-Dīn ʾUmm-Khalīl Shajar ad-Durr (الملكة عصمة الدين أم خليل شجر الدر; died 28 April 1257), was a ruler of Egypt.
Jul 4, 2022 · Shajara al-Durr (r. 1250) was the founder of the Mamluk Dynasty in Egypt, and she was the first and only woman to sit on the Islamic Egyptian throne. She held the title of sultana for only 80 days but left a lasting mark through architectural monuments, which bear her symbol: a tree lined with mother of pearl and inlaid with gold .
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Shajar al-Durr, also Shajarat al-Durr, whose royal name was al-Malika ʿAṣmat ad-Dīn ʾUmm-Khalīl Shajar ad-Durr, was a ruler of Egypt. She was the wife of As-Salih Ayyub, and later of Izz al-Din Aybak, the first sultan of the Mamluk Bahri dynasty. Prior to becoming Ayyub's wife, she was a child slave and Ayyub's concubine.
Tree of Pearls: The Extraordinary Architectural Patronage of the 13th-Century Egyptian Slave-Queen Shajar al-Durr. D. Fairchild Ruggles (MA'87, PhD'91) Shajar al-Durr--known as "Tree of Pearls"--began her remarkable career as a child slave, given as property to the Ayyubid Sultan Salih of Egypt.
A former slave, the strong-willed Shajar al-Durr reigned over Egypt for only 80 days after the death of her husband, al-Salih Najm al-Din Ayyub. As the wife of the last Ayyubid sultan, then sultana, then the wife of the first Mamluk sultan, Shajar al-Durr also was the key to a transition from the Ayyubid to the Mamluk era.
Shajar al-Durr: A Case of Female Sultanate in Medieval Islam Amalia Levanoni While women were occasionally able to influence matters of rule in Medieval Islam, it is likely that only three reached a formal position of power.
