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The ancient Sumerians of Mesopotamia were the oldest civilization in the world, beginning about 4000 BCE. Ancient Egypt provides an example of an early culture civilization.. A civilization (British English: civilisation) is any complex society characterized by the development of the state, social stratification, urbanization, and symbolic systems of communication beyond natural spoken ...
Aug 16, 2022 · Learn about the definition, characteristics, and history of civilization, from the first cities in Mesopotamia to the modern world. Explore the concept of civilization and its evolution from ancient Greece to the present day.
- Joshua J. Mark
Mar 6, 2024 · Learn what defines a civilization and how it developed in different regions of the world. Explore the characteristics of urban areas, monuments, communication, administration, and division of labor in civilizations.
Oct 23, 2023 · Learn about the definition, history, and challenges of the term civilization, and how it has been applied to different societies around the world. Explore the examples of ancient and modern civilizations, and their cultural and technological achievements.
- Lesley Kennedy
- 11 min
- Mesopotamia, 4000-3500 B.C. Meaning “between two rivers” in Greek, Mesopotamia (located in modern-day Iraq, Kuwait and Syria) is considered the birthplace of civilization.
- Ancient Egypt, 3100 B.C. The pyramids of Giza, c. 2600 B.C. They are the oldest of the so-called Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. Perhaps the most romanticized of past civilizations, ancient Egypt stood as one of history’s most powerful empires for more than 3,000 years.
- Ancient India, 3300 B.C. In ancient India, where Hinduism was founded, religion held great importance, Harl says, along with great literary traditions and incredible architecture.
- Ancient China, 2000 B.C. A Xia-era miniature bronze bell, c. 2100 B.C. The ancient Chinese are credited with inventions including the abacus and the sundial.
Civilization is a complex and diverse phenomenon that involves urban settlements, culture, and social organization. Britannica explores the origins, characteristics, and variations of civilizations across time and space, from ancient to modern.
Learn the difference between civilisation and civilization, and how to spell them correctly. Civilisation is the chiefly British spelling of the word that means the development of human society and culture.
